8位二进制数字密码锁系统设计（赵俊峰）

8位二进制数字密码锁系统设计（赵俊峰）

8位二进制数字密码锁系统设计

外文文献翻译（译成中文3000字左右）：

1.Digital Circuit Introduction

Digital circuit definition:

Completes with the digital signal to the digital quantity carries on the arithmetic operation and the logic operation electric circuit is called the digital circuit, or number system. Because it has the logic operation and the logical processing function, therefore calls then umeral logic circuit. Numeral logic circuit classification (according to function minute):

1st, combinatory logic electric circuit

The abbreviation combination circuit, it becomes by the most basic logical gate electric circuit combination. The character is tic is: Output value only and then input value related, namely output only by then input value decision. The electric circuit has not remembered the function, the output condition changes along with the input condition change, is similar to the resistance electric circuit, like the accumulator, the decoder, the encoder, the data selector and so on all belong to this kind.

2nd, succession logic circuit

The abbreviation sequence circuit, it is adds on the feed back logic return route by the most basic logical gate electric circuit (to output the electric circuit which input) or the component combination becomes, lies in the sequence circuit with the combination circuit essence difference to have the memory function. The sequence circuit characteristic is: The output not only was decided by then input value, moreover also the and circuit past condition concerned. It is similar to containing the stored energy part the inductance or the electric capacity electric circuit, like electric circuit and so on trigger, latch, counter, shift register, reservoir all is the sequence circuit typical component.

Digital circuit characteristic:

1st, simultaneously has the arithmetic operation and the logic operation function

The digital circuit is take the binary system logic algebra as mathematics foundation, the use binary numeral signal, both can carryon the arithmetic operation and to be able conveniently to carry on the logic operation (with, or, non-, judgment, comparison, processing and so on), therefore extremely suits to application and so on operation, comparison, memory, transmission, control, decision-making.

2nd, realization simple, the system is reliable

By binary system underlie numeral logic circuit, simple reliable, the accuracy is high.

3rd, integration rate high, the function realization is easy

Integration rate high, volume small, the power loss is low is one of digital circuit prominent merits. Electric circuit design, service, maintenance nimble convenient, along with the integrated circuit technology high speed development, the numeral logic circuit integration rate is more and more high, integrated circuit block function along with small scale integration electric circuit (SSI),center scale integrated circuit (MSI), large scale integrated circuit(LSI), ultra large scale integrated circuit (VLSI)

the development also from the part level, the component level, the part level, the board card level rises

to the system level. The electric circuit design composition only must use some standards the

integrated circuit block unit connection to become. Also may use the programmable foreword logic array electric circuit regarding the non- standard special electric circuit, through programming method realization free logic function.

Digital circuit application:

Digital circuit and numeral electronic technology widespread application to science and technology each domain and so on television, radar, correspondence, electronic accounting machine, automatic control, astronautics.

2.Digital code lock System Status and Development Trend

Recent years, along with reform and open policy thorough development, electronic appliance's swift development. People's living standard had the very big enhancement. Each kind of upscale electrical appliances product and the valuables have for many families. However some unlawful elements are also more and more. This sees majority of person security consciousness also insufficient. Creates steals the phenomenon to be common. Therefore, more and more resident families worried to the property security problem. the alarm apparatus had been solving many problems by now for the people. But in the market alarm apparatus majority of use in some big company fiscal institution. The price is soaring, generally the people accept with difficulty. If redesigns and produces one kind moderately-priced, the performance keen reliable burglar alarm, will certainly plays a more effective role in security and the guarantee property security aspect. As the electronic code lock is a password to enter the control circuits, or chips, so as to control mechanical switches closed, the completion of the lock, closed the task of electronic products. It's a lot of species, there is a simple circuit products as well as chip-based products more cost-effective. Now a wider application of electronic locks is at the core chip.

The electronic technology has obtained the rapid development, under its

impetus, the electronic products nearly seeped society's each domain now, powerfully impelled in the social product development and the social becoming an information based society degree enhancement, simultaneously also is makes the modern electronic products performance further to enhance, the product renewal rhythm more and more is also quick. First the EDA technology after enters for the 21st century, obtained the very big development, its basic characteristic uses the higher order language description, has System the simulation and the synthesizing capacity. The VHDL hardware description language is designs the source document to be possible to use is similar with the C language written form, and uses the structural design method. Along with the people living standard enhancement, the password lock took the family security bodyguard's function is day by day important, it compared to has some unique superiority with the ordinary mechanical phase-lock, for example: Secret, the security performance is good, may not use the key, so long as remembers the password then unlock.

The EDA technique develops trend: The EDA technique is after get into 21 centuries, because of more large-scale FPGA and continuously release of the cave m spare part are really imitate with design th

e both side support a standard hardware description, the function strong EDA software o

f the language continuously renews, increment, make the electronics EDA's technique get a larger development. The electronics technique is all-directions to brin

g into EDA realm, the EDA make electronics the boundary of eac

h academics of realm be getting more misty, more with each other in order to forgive, the outstanding performance is at following few aspects: Make

electronics design the result can definitely express to make possible with confirmation by independent intelligent property right; Design standard unit according to the ASIC of EDA tool have already covered large-scale electronics system and the IP pit mold piece; The soft hardware IP pit gets further confirmation in industry realm, technique realm and the design applied realm of electronics profession; The SoC efficiently low cost design technical maturity. Along with the semi-conductor technique, integrated technique and the calculator technical fast fierce development, design method and design means of electronics system all took place very big variety. Can say electronics EDA's technique's is an electronics design is a revolution of the realm. The design method of traditional” fix function integration piece ten on-lines\" just and gradually with draws history stage, but is become modern main current of design of the electronics system according to the design method of chip. Be Gao Deng3 college's understanding and climbing to hold this advanced technique concerning the professional student and the large electronics engineer be certainly to be necessarily going, this not only is the demand of efficiency of the exaltation design, more that time generation need for develop, only climbed to hold the EDA technique just includes the competition that the ability participates the industrial market of the world electronics, then can exist with development. Along with the progress of science and technique revolution of the realm and electronics industry field of the electronics design, also in the

meantime to electricity course of teaching and research put forward more deeply higher request. Especially the EDA technique hasn't make widely available in the our country and control is this all new technique with universality, will to our country the electronics technical development have profound meaning.

3.Electronic Lock System of Non-contact IC Card

Based on the research of RS485 and TCP/IP Communication Protocol, the paper introduces an Electronic Lock System of Non-contact IC card and puts forwards the solution of the whole system. This system adopts distributed architecture and is combined with the centralized and unified management. It can be classified into three aspects: management center server, user building PC and Electronic Cipher Locks. The paper emphases on the general principle and the design of hardware and software of this kind of Electronic Cipher Lock system, which takes Micro-controller STCC58RD+ chip as core and Philips ’ MFRC530 for RF base station. Comp ared with the traditional Electronic Lock system, this system has significant advantages. The results prove the feasibility of the scheme and show that the system is stable and has a good real-time performance.

4. Electronic Cipher Locks by the Use of ATC2051 MCU

As electronic products are developing towards intelligence and minimization, micro control unit(MCU) have become the first choice for controllers in the development of electronic products. In order to expand the applications of MCU in to household appliances, a new designing method of electronic cipher locks by the

use of ATC2051 MCU is introduced in this paper.It shows that the

cipher lock is characterized by its low cost and high degree of safety and practicality. Besides, it works well as a residence lock and has great potential for commercial development.

5. Giving-alarm Electronic Password Lock

This article introduces one kind of giving-alarm electronic password lock, using unidirectional thyristor as the storage cell. The digital key of this kind of lock is composed of 10 lightly touched

switch. 5 of the codes open the lock, the other 5 codes are used to alarm. If the password is right, so long as pressing down the 5 digital keys at one time or according to the order, the electronic lock will be open quickly. If the password is wrong, pressing the giving-alarm key will bring a 30s alarm:“to catch the thief”.

6. the Infrared Long-distance Remote Control Which the Numerical Ciphers Lock

Specialized numerical ciphers lock the infrared long-distance remote control is one kind of quite advanced password switch, this article designs one through the telephone through the infrared remote control realization opposite party opening which locks with the equipment password, the user use handset dials in his/her family's fixed telephone, to the telephone number which dials carries on the

recognition by the monolithic integrated circuit realization, with confirmed whether its number for does unlock the telephone number, if is master's telephone number, the monolithic integrated circuit sends out the signal control infrared launcher, the realization long-distance remote control unblanking.

This article elaborated the infrared remote control basic principle and has designed the corresponding transmission and the accepting circuit, again uses correlation chip NE555, CX20106, HT9030 the function characteristic, the composition auxiliary circuit, forms the hardware diagram; Second step then key conducts the research to atC51 monolithic integrated circuit, the cost design software designs and draws the flow chart. Finally this design essential duty is take ATC51 as a core, various functions module organic union. Through the monolithic integrated circuit control, realizes the function which each separation component cannot complete. Namely finally realizes the infrared long-distance remote control which the numerical ciphers lock.

1.数字电路简介

数字电路定义：

用数字信号完成对数字量进行算术运算和逻辑运算的电路称为数字电路，或数字系统。由于它具有逻辑运算和逻辑处理功能，所以又称数字逻辑电路。

数字逻辑电路分类（按功能分）：

1.组合逻辑电路

简称组合电路，它由最基本的的逻辑门电路组合而成。特点是：输出值只与当时的输入值有关，即输出惟一地由当时的输入值决定。电路没有记忆功能，输出状态随着输入状态的变化而变化，类似于电阻性电路，如加法器、译码器、编码器、数据选择器等都属于此类。2.时序逻辑电路

简称时序电路，它是由最基本的逻辑门电路加上反馈逻辑回路（输出到输入）或器件组合而成的电路，与组合电路最本质的区别在于时序电路具有记忆功能。时序电路的特点是：输出不仅取决于当时的输入值，而且还与电路过去的状态有关。它类似于含储能元件的电感或电容的电路，如触发器、锁存器、计数器、移位寄存器、储存器等电路都是时序电路的典型器件。

数字电路的特点：

1.同时具有算术运算和逻辑运算功能

数字电路是以二进制逻辑代数为数学基础，使用二进制数字信号，既能进行算术运算又能方便地进行逻辑运算（与、或、非、判断、比较、处理等），因此极其适合于运算、比较、存储、传输、控制、决策等应用。

2.实现简单，系统可靠

以二进制作为基础的数字逻辑电路，简单可靠，准确性高。

3.集成度高，功能实现容易

集成度高，体积小，功耗低是数字电路突出的优点之一。电路的设计、维修、维护灵活方便，随着集成电路技术的高速发展，数字逻辑电路的集成度越来越高，集成电路块的功能随着小规模集成电路（SSI）、中规模集成电路（MSI）、大规模集成电路（LSI）、超大规模集成电路（VLSI）的发展也从元件级、器件级、部件级、板卡级上升到系统级。电路的设计组成只需采用一些标准的集成电路块单元连接而成。对于非标准的特殊电路还可以使用可编程序逻辑阵列电路，通过编程的方法实现任意的逻辑功能。

数字电路的应用：

数字电路与数字电子技术广泛的应用于电视、雷达、通信、电子计算机、自动控制、航天等科学技术各个领域。

2.数字密码锁系统的研究现状和发展趋势

近年来，随着改革开放的深入发展，电子设备的迅速发展。人民生活水平有很大提高。各类高档家电产品种类和贵重物品有许多家庭。但一些不法分子也越来越多。这说明大多数人的安全意识还不够，因而偷窃的现象很普遍。因此，越来越多的居民家庭担心他们的财产安全问题。报警器已经解决了现在许多人的问题。但在市场上，大多数使用报警器的都是一些大公司的财政机构。且报警器的价格不断攀升，一般人难以接受。如果重新设计并产生一种价廉，性能十分可靠的防盗报警器，一定会在安全和保障财产安全方面发挥更有效的作用。由于电子密码锁是密码进入控制电路或芯片，以控制机械开关的关闭，关闭后，完成了对电子产品的锁住任务。它有很多种类，有一个简单的集成电路产品以及芯片为基础的产品更具成本效益。现在的电子锁的广泛应用是核心芯片。

电子技术获得了飞速的发展，在其推动下，现在电子产品几乎渗透了社会的各个领域，

有力地推动了社会生产里的发展和社会信息化程度的提高，同时也是使现代电子产品性能进一步提高，产品更新换代的节奏也越来越快。首先EDA技术在进入21世纪后，得到了很大的发展，其基本特征是采用高级语言描述，具有系统级仿真和综合能力。VHDL硬件描述语言是设计源文件可以采用类似与C语言的书写形式，并采用结构设计方法。随着人们生活水平的提高，密码锁作为家庭防盗卫士的作用日趋重要，它与普通机械锁相比有一些独特的优势，如：保密性强，防盗性能好，可以不用钥匙，只要记住密码即可开锁。

EDA技术发展趋势: EDA技术在进入21世纪后，由于更大规模的FPGA和凹m器件的不断推出，在仿真和设计两方面支持标准硬件描述语言的功能强大的EDA软件不断更新、增加，使电子EDA技术得到了更大的发展。电子技术全方位纳入EDA领域，EDA使得电子领域各学科的界限更加模糊，更加互为包容，突出表现在以下几个方面：使电子设计成果以自主知识产权的方式得以明确表达和确认成为可能；基于EDA工具的ASIC设计标准单元已涵盖大规模电子系统及IP核模块；软硬件IP核在电子行业的产业领域、技术领域和设计应用领域得到进一步确认；SoC高效低成本设计技术的成熟。随着半导体技术、集成技术和计算机技术的迅猛发展，电子系统的设计方法和设计手段都发生了很大的变化。可以说电子EDA技术是电子设计领域的一场。传统的“固定功能集成块十连线”的设计方法正逐步地退出历史舞台，而基于芯片的设计方法正成为现代电子系统设计的主流。作为高等院校有关专业的学生和广大的电子工程师了解和攀握这一先进技术是势在必行，这不仅是提高设计效率的需要，更是时代发展的需求，只有掌握了EDA技术才有能力参与世界电子工业市场的竞争，才能生存与发展。随着科技的进步，电子产品的更新日新月异，EDA技术作为电子产品开发研制的源动力，已成为现代电子设计的核心。所以发展EDA技术将是电子设计领域和电子产业界的一场重大的技术，同时也对电类课程的教学和科研提出了更深更高的要求。特别是EDA技术在我国尚未普及，掌握和普及这一全新的技术，将对我国电子技术的发展具

有深远的意义。

3.基于射频识别技术的非接触式IC卡电子密码锁系统

在对RS485和TCP/IP通讯协议研究的基础上,介绍了一种基于射频识别技术的非接触式IC卡电子密码锁系统,并提出了整个系统的解决方案。系统采用分布式结构和集中统一管理相结合,由三个层次组成:管理中心服务器、用户楼栋PC、电子密码锁。重点阐述了以单片机STCC58RD+芯片为核心、飞利浦公司的MFRC530为射频基站的电子密码锁的工作原理及硬件组成和软件设计。与传统的电子锁系统相比,具有显著的优越性。试验结果表明:系统运行稳定,实时性好,方案可行。

4.应用ATC2051单片机设计的电子密码锁

随着电子产品向智能化和微型化的不断发展,单片机已成为电子产品研制和开发中首选的控制器。为了更好地推广单片机在家电领域中的应用,本文介绍一种应用ATC2051单片机设计的电子密码锁。经实际制作表明该密码锁具有安全、实用、成本低等特点,符合住宅用锁的要求,具有一定的现实意义。

5.报警式电子密码锁

在此介绍一种使用单向晶闸管作记忆元件的报警式电子密码锁，它由10个轻触开关组成数码键，其中5个码开锁，另外5个码做报警用。密码正确时，只要按顺序或同时按下5个数码键，很快就可以打开电子锁。密码不正确，错按报警按键，报警按键就会发出长达30s 的“抓贼呀”喊声来。

6. 数字密码锁的红外线远程遥控

数字密码锁的红外线远程遥控是一种比较先进的密码开关，本文设计一个通过电话机通过红外遥控实现对家用设备的密码锁的开启，用户使用手机拨打其家里的固定电话，由单片机实现对所拨打的电话号码进行识别，用以确认其号码是否为开锁电话号码，如果是主人的电话号码，单片机就发出信号控制红外线发射器，实现远程遥控开锁。

本文阐述了红外线遥控的基本原理并设计了相应的发送和接收电路，再利用相关芯片NE555,CX20106,HT9030的功能特性，组成辅助电路，形成硬件框图；第二步则重点对ATC51单片机进行研究，完成本设计的软件设计并画出流程图。最后本设计的关键任务是以ATC51为核心，将各功能模块有机的结合起来。通过单片机的控制，实现各分立器件所不能完成的功能。即最终实现数字密码锁的红外线远程遥控。