2019版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读阅读限时练4Unit12CultureShock(A)

Unit 12 Culture Shock(A)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2017·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷(一))

Graduate Developer

Who you are

You're a creative person who's brilliant at making smart decisions and even better at communicating them.You are passionate about software and not only like to learn about it at university，but you like to get involved in your own projects at home too.You eat code for breakfast，lunch and dinner，and you're always looking to learn and improve.You love working with like­minded peers and aspire to work with the best software developers in the industry.

What you study

You are a final­year/Honours/Master/PHD student or a recent graduate(past two years)with a Distinction/High Distinction in Computer Science，Computing or Software Engineering.

What you will do

You'll develop reliable and highly flexible systems in the market.The kind of software that ensures we buy and sell faster and more efficiently than anyone else.You will have full responsibility for designing and improving our systems，both technically and functionally to improve our trading success.At Optive we have no shortage of interesting and important work to do，so rest assured that you'll be working on something that will add real value to the business.

Qualifications

You are an Australian or New Zealand citizen or permanent resident of Australia. Salary

$ 75，000 plus super plus performance driven profit share.

【语篇解读】 本文是一则招聘广告。介绍了对求职者的要求和工资等相关信息。 【背景知识】 High Distinction 简称HD，表示成绩优异，是一些国外的学校尤其是澳大利亚的学校衡量成绩的一个尺度。澳大利亚的一些大学的HD要求考试成绩在85分以上。 1．You will be well­accepted if you are ．

A．creative and devoted to Software Engineering

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B．loving working with people from different majors C．communicative and passionate in your university life D．enjoying eating code instead of delicious family dinner

A [考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“You're a creative person who's brilliant at making smart decisions and even better at communicating them.You are passionate about software and not only like to learn about it at university，but you like to get involved in your own projects at home too.”可知，具有创造性并且热爱软件工程的人会很好地被接受。]

2．The Graduate Developer will probably be wanted as ．

A．an Australian final­year Computing Engineering student B．a master­degree graduate majoring in trading C．a PHD student as a permanent resident in Australia D．a recent graduate with honours in Computer Science

A [考查细节理解。根据第二段“You are a final­year...Computing or Software Engineering.”可知，A项符合招聘的要求。]

[干扰项分析] 根据第二段可知， B项中的in trading 是错误的；C项中没有提及专业是错误的；根据第二段的“or a recent graduate(past two years)with a Distinction/High Distinction in Computer Science”可知，D项错误。 3．You are not required to in the future job.

A．design Optive systems B．ensure trade success C．work on something valuable D．develop the flexible market system

C [考查细节理解。根据第三段的“so rest assured that you'll be working on something that will add real value to the business”可知，文中没有提及工作有无价值，只是说工作会给公司带来价值。]

B

【导学号：33220174】

(2017·安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful，there is a natural desire of us to capture(捕捉)and preserve it—which means，in this day and age，that we are likely to reach for our phones to take a picture.

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Though this would seem to be an ideal solution，there are two big problems associated with taking pictures.Firstly，we are likely to be so busy taking pictures that we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest encourage us to take a photograph in the first place.And secondly，because we feel the pictures are safely stored on our phones，we never get around to looking at them，so sure are we that we'll get around to them one day.

The first person to notice the problems was the English art critic(评论家)，John Ruskin.He was a keen traveller who realized that most tourists make a poor job of noticing or remembering the beautiful things they see.He argued that humans have a natural tendency to respond to beauty and desire to have it，but there are better and worse expressions of this desire.At worst，we get into buying souvenirs or taking photographs.But，in Ruskin's eyes，there's just one thing we should do—attempting to draw the interesting things we see，regardless of whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.

Ruskin said，“Drawing can teach us to see：to notice properly rather than gaze absent­mindedly.In the process of recreating with our own hands what lies before our eyes，we naturally move from a position of observing beauty in a loose way to one where we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.”

Ruskin deplored the blindness and hurry of modern tourists，especially those who prided themselves on travelling around the whole Europe in a week by train，“No changing of places at a hundred miles an hour will make us stronger，happier，or wiser.There was always more in the world than men could see，if they ever walked slowly；they will see it no better for going fast.The really precious things are thoughts and sights，not pace.”

【语篇解读】 本文主要讨论了旅游中如何享受美景以及游客普遍存在的问题。

【长难句分析】 In the process of recreating with our own hands what lies before our eyes，we naturally move from a position of observing beauty in a loose way to one where we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.

分析：本句是一个复合句。what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语；where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，修饰先行词one，此处的one相当于one position。

译文：在用我们的双手重塑眼前事物的过程中，我们自然地从一种随意地欣赏美的状态转换为一种我们深度欣赏其各个部分的状态。

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4．According to Paragraph 2，when taking pictures，people tend to ．

A．forget to appreciate something attractive on the spot B．find it hard to learn skills of taking good pictures C．find a good way to keep things in their minds D．have a chance to meet the challenge of new technology

A [考查细节理解。根据文章第二段的第二句“Firstly，we are likely to be so busy taking pictures that we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest encourage us to take a photograph in the first place.”可知，人们忙着拍照而忘了欣赏风景。]

5．According to Ruskin，what should travellers do to best express their appreciation of and desire for something beautiful? A．To speak it out openly. B．To photograph it instantly. C．To purchase it immediately. D．To paint it directly.

D [考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后一句“But，in Ruskin's eyes，there's just one thing we should do—attempting to draw the interesting things we see，regardless of whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.”可知，Ruskin认为，旅游者把自己看到的美景直接画下来就是对美景欣赏的最好表达。]

6．From the fourth paragraph，we can infer that Ruskin encourages us to be ．

A．considerate and determined B．active and adventurous C．creative and thoughtful D．sensitive and ambitious

C [考查推理判断。根据第四段的“‘In the process of recreating with our own hands...we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.’”可推知，Ruskin鼓励我们要有创造性，对景观要有深刻的理解。]

7．The underlined word “deplored”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to“ ”． A．appreciated C．favored

B．criticized D．ignored

B [考查词义猜测。根据最后一段的“the blindness and hurry of modern tourists”

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并结合 Ruskin的主张可推知，deplore意为“批判，不赞成”，故选B。]

C

(2017·湖南六校联盟高三联考)I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.He replied，“You mean fortunately.”He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.

My attitude to the hill has now changed.I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.This hill will exercise my heart and lungs.It will help me to lose weight and get fit.It will mean that I live longer.This hill is my friend.Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free.I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.

Problems are there to be faced and overcome.We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree.Her activism and writing proved inspirational.She wrote，“The character cannot be developed with ease.Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened，vision cleared，ambition inspired and success achieved.”

One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity.From time to time we all face hardships，problems，accidents and difficulties.Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own.While we cannot choose adversity，we can choose our attitude towards it.

Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident.He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans.He was an inspiration to others during the war.He said，“Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that.That's nonsense.Make up your mind，and you'll never use crutches or a stick，and then have a go at everything.Go to school，and join in all the games you can.Go anywhere you want to.But never，never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”

The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced.The common thread is that they did not become

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depressed.They chose their attitude.They chose to be positive.They took on the challenge.They won.Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”骑自行车去镇中心时要经过山地，“我”经历了从开始的抱怨到将山地当作锻炼契机的过程。人生之旅也是如此，我们要有战胜生活中艰难的勇气。

8．Which of the following is true according to the author of the passage?

A．Those who want to achieve success can't expect to live an easy life. B．Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise. C．Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people's health.

D．People's attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success. A [考查推理判断。根据第三段的第二句“We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.”可知，简单容易的生活不会使我们取得成功；据此可以推断，想要成功就不要期望过容易的生活，故A项正确。]

9．By quoting what Douglas Bader said，the author intends to tell us“ ”．

A．Failure is the mother of success B．A bad workman quarrels with his tools C．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try D．If you risk nothing，you will have nothing

C [考查目的意图。根据第五段Douglas Bader 所讲的“Make up your mind，and you'll never use crutches or a stick，and then have a go at everything... impossible.”可知，Douglas Bader 认为面对困难应当勇敢尝试，不要听信别人所言的太困难或不可能，没有什么克服不了的困难；据此可以判断，作者引用Douglas Bader的话旨在说明，对于勇于尝试的人来说，世界上没有克服不了的困难。故C项正确。]

10．Following this passage，the author will further talk about ．

A．how his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he

faced

B．why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble

C．what steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face D．what great people have in common

C [考查推理判断。根据文章最后一句“Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.”可知，如何改变面对困难的

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态度仍然是一个问题；据此可以判断，下文将就此问题作进一步的阐述。故C项正确。] 11．Which of the following can best function as the title of the passage?

A．Different attitudes towards misfortune B．Face difficulties with a smile C．Nothing is impossible D．Life is full of adversity

B [考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文作者通过叙述将骑自行车经过的山地视为锻炼的机会及Helen Keller和Douglas Bader 的故事说明，成功的关键是面对困难的积极态度。故B项最能概括主题。]

D

(2017·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性考试)A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven­day Spring Festival holiday，which ended on Thursday，according to the China National Tourism Administration.That is an increase of 7 percent compared with last year's Spring Festival.About 374，000 trips were organized by travel agencies，a 2.5 percent increase.

The administration also reported growth from individual and high­end (高端的)travellers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities，inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets.With many Chinese now travelling abroad for Spring Festival，their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.

“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services，including staying in private homes，appreciating plants and watching monkeys in hot springs，”Li Xuejing，the agency's marketing manager，said.

A Chinese tourist surnamed Guo，who was vacationing on an island in the Philippines，said：“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”

Another choice is Britain.Though the devaluation(货币贬值)of the pound is a factor，Britain's rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。国家旅游局统计，在今年春节期间去海外旅游的游客

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人数比去年同期有所上涨。文章分析了这一现象的原因。

12．How many trips were made to foreign countries during the Golden Week of this Spring Festival holiday? A．6，150，000. C．7，000，000.

B．2，500，000. D．374，000.

A [考查细节理解。根据第一段的第一句“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven­day Spring Festival holiday，which ended on Thursday，according to the China National Tourism Administration.”可知，在春节黄金周期间，中国赴海外旅游的人次达到6 150 000，故A项正确。]

13．What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?

A．They're reported to have become important attractions. B．They're famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys. C．They have the best hot spring in the world. D．They belong to coastal source markets.

A [考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“in addition to top and coastal cities，inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets”可知，广西壮族自治区的许多城市也成了重要的旅游地，故A项正确。]14．What would Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text? A．Go shopping for gifts. B．Study foreign cultures. C．Relax and enjoy herself. D．Chat with her relatives.

C [考查细节理解。根据第四段的“‘I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives’”可知，这位姓郭的游客认为现在她的旅游目的是放松和享受而不是购物或为亲人挑选礼物；据此可知，她在旅游期间会放松和享受。] 15．Where does the text probably come form?

A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.

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C．A scientific magazine. D．An advertisement.

B [考查文章出处。通读全文可知，文章第一段的第一句为文章主题句；结合下文内容可知，文章属于新闻报道，符合新闻报道文体的结构特征：先写明报道主题，接着分析原因。故B项正确。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2017·安徽合肥高三第一次教学质量检测)You're growing up.That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes，all at once.Your body is changing.It might even seem as if your entire self is changing.It can be confusing and even scary. 1 And it's good!

Growing up means that you can do more，learn more，and start to make your mark on the world.In order for that to happen，your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow.Hormone levels change constantly，rising and falling. 2 But it's partly to blame for intense emotions，surprising reactions，and mood swings.

Because of the way your brain develops，it is somewhat ruled by emotions now and through your teen years.As a result，growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster！ 3

·Take care of yourself.If you eat right，sleep enough，and get good exercise，your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.

· 4 When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset，or confused，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.

·Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed. 5 Plus，when stuff happens during the day，you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react.Your body is changing.

A．Take a timeout.

B．But the truth is，it happens to every teen. C．Work out regularly to keep physically fit.

D．This changing is needed for your body's development. E．It will help you fall asleep—and start the morning right. F．Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.

G．Usually，these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.

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【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年如何应对成长过程中的一些变化。 1．B [由空前的“confusing and even scary”和空后的“good”可知，空处在这里起承上启下的作用，所以选B项。]

2．D [由空前一句可知，荷尔蒙的水平一直在不断地改变，忽高忽低；D项中的“This changing”与空前的“change”相对应，所以选D项。]

3．F [空前的“an emotional roller coaster”与F项中的“make the ride smoother”相对应，且由下文列举的几个要点可知，F项符合文意。]

4．A [由本段中的“一些安静的时间将使你集中精神，安静下来”可知，A项正确。] 5．E [空前的“Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing”与E项中的“It”对应，空前的“when you wake up”与E项的“start the morning right”对应；空前的“when you go to bed”与E项的“fall asleep”对应。所以选E项。]

【导学号：33220175】

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