2013年职称英语全真模拟试题(综合类B级)

第一部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位

1 The ability to react to environmental stimuli is a basic and general characteristic of living organisms. A reject B repeat C return to D respond to

2 All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.

A as a result of B considering C cognizant of D whatever

3 After Emily Dickinson retreated from the world at the age of twenty-six,she wrote more than one thousand poems.

A received praise from B withdrew from C rebelled against D traveled around

4 Thomas Fuller was so skilled at mathematics that he was known in the eighteenth century as the “Virginia Calculator.”

A fascinated by B articulate about C proficient in D suspicious of 5 Didn’t you know that the naughty girl used to skip classes?

A attend classes in time B miss classes C cheat in classes D be unhappy about classes 6 Marxism doctrine was spelled out in the Communist Manifesto.

A evaluated B detailed C supported D mentioned

7 The megaphone makes the voice sound louder because it points sound waves in one direction and keeps them from spreading out in all directions.

A slithering B radiating C interfering D murmuring

8 The exploits of the legendary miner, John Henry, have come to symbolize the manual laborer’s stand against mechanization.

A contrast with B interaction with C ignorance of D defiance of 9 In arithmetic, a number stands for the size of a set of things.

A measures B estimates C cancels D represents 10 Some species of bacteria and fungi thrive on simple compounds such as alcohol.

A mix with B do well on C exist in D float on 11 Why do you want to throw away those books?

A imitate B discuss C extract D discard

12 The Pullman Strike of 14 tied up transportation and was finally ended only by government intervention.

A relied upon B hindered C linked with D imitated

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13 Although a herd of African elephants may have up to one thousand members, Asiatic elephants live in bands of five to sixty animals.

A as many as B more than C fewer than D at least 14 Prohibition in the United States ushered in an era of crime and corruption. A introduced B caused C used D upset

15 The Spanish, French, Dutch, and English all vied for North American territory A arrived on B competed for C disposed of D sailed for

第二部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C

Computer Mouse

The basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows US to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting, drawing, and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing devices include light pens，graphics tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse.

The computer mouse was invented in 19 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text，it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.

How does the mouse work? we have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes(LED) mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detect a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the Cursor on the computer screen.

So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.

16 Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.

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A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

17 According to the author, general computer users need not to know how the computer mouse

was invented. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18 The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like

the tail of a mouse. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20 When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

22 The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no voving parts. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4

Alaska

1 In 1868 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state, symbolizing a change of attitude from that held in 1867, when the peninsula was purchased from Russia. Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers “of icebergs and polar bears”—beyond Canada’s western borders, far from the settled areas of the United States.

2 In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle, Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears. Ice masses lie buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters. From early May until early August, the midnight sun never sets on this flat ,treeless region, but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down.

3 Alaska is America’s largest state, but only about 325,000 people live there. According to estimates,800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 0,000 hectares are being cultivated.

4 Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries. It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia, probably crossing Bering Strait, named for Vitus Bering, the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741.The Eskimos are the state’s earliest known inhabitants. Russian fur traders established settlements but, by the time Alaska was sold to the United States, most of the traders had departed.

5 In 16 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border. Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike; some never returned. Alaska was never completely cut off again, although even today transportation is a major problem. There are only two motor routes from the U.S. mainland, and within the state, every town has its own airfield. Planes fly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages.

6 The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended, and although many stories about mining camps have become part of American literature, the gold from Alaskan earth

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contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaskan waters. The fish caught in a single year range in value from $80 million to $90 million. Fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams ,and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters .After fishing, the state’s chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. In recent years, Alaska’s single most important resource has become oil. The state also has large deposits of coal, copper,gold and other minerals.

23 Paragraph 3 _________ A Rich resources of the state B Connections with the outside world 24 Paragraph 4 _________ C Transportation problem D The natives of the land 25 Paragraph 5 _________ E Cold climate F Land and population 26 Paragraph 6_________

27 For as long as three months of a year ,the sun on the ice-covered land of Alaska. 28 According to statistics, of the total area of Alaska has been used for farming. 29 Alaska was originally part of Russia ,but was bought . 30 Gold did not bring to Alaska as much wealth . A as fish does

B because of its rich natural resources

C by the United States in the 19th century

D shines day and night

E only a very small percentage

F a limited amount of the gold found there

第四部分：阅读理解 (第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第一篇 Seeing the World Centuries Ago

If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor, it will not surprise you to learn that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost from the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.

One of the earliest travel writers, a Greek geographer and historian named Strabo, lived around the time of Christ. Though Strabo is known to have traveled from east of the Black Sea west to Italy and as far south as Ethiopia, he also used details gleaned from other writers to extend and enliven his accounts. His multivolumed work Geography provides the only surviving account of the cities, peoples, customs, and geographical peculiarities of the whole known world of his time.

Two other classic travel writers, the Italian Marco Polo and the Moroccan Ibn Battutah, lived in roughly the same time period. Marco Polo traveled to China with his father and uncle in about A. D. 1275 and remained there 16 or 17 years, visiting several other countries during his travels.

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When Marco returned to Italy he dictated his memoirs, including stories he had heard from others, to a scribe, with the resulting book Il milione being an instant success. Though difficult to attest to the accuracy of all he says, Marco's book impelled Europeans to begin their great voyages of exploration.

Ibn Battutah’s interest in travel began on his required Muslim journey to Mecca in 1325, and during his lifetime he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway. His travel book the Rihlah is a personalized account of desert journeys, court intrigues, and even the effect of the Black Death in the various lands he visited. In almost 30 years of traveling it is estimated that Ibn Battutah covered more than 75, 000 miles. 31 This passage is mostly about________.

A where three early travel writers went and wrote about B the literary style of three early travel writers C why people find travel writing exciting D how to write a travel book 32 Ibn Battutah traveled________.

A

to Ethiopia to China

B

C for 16 or 17 years

D throughout the Muslim world A they listed good places to stay

B all of their stories were firsthand accounts C they explained the best routes to get to places D

they told of strange and exotic locales

33 The books of the three writers were popular because________.

34 The overall organization of this passage is through________.

A persuasive details

B travel writers' personal narratives C chronological order D spatial description

35 In this passage attest means to________. A give an examination to B draw a map of C give proof of

D tell lies to

第二篇 “Lucky” Lord Lucan — Alive or Dead

On 8th November 1974 Lord Lucan, a British aristocrat, vanished. The day before, his children’s nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. To this day the British publics are still interested in the murder case because Lucan has never been found. Now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping that new DNA techniques will help solve this murder mystery.

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People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny. What happened next is unclear, but there are several theories which fall into one of three categories: he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder, “Lucky” borrowed a car and drove it, Lucan’s friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in the English Channel.

Another version of events says that “Lucky” left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. He was met there by someone who drove him to safety in another country. However, after a time, his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed.

A further fascinating theory was made in the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin, a former detective. He believes that Lucan travelled to Goa, India, where he assumed the identity of a Mr. Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in Goa till his death in 1996. In the end the claim turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. The man who died in 1996 was really Haplin, an ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. So what is the truth about “Lucky”? DNA testing has solved many murder cases, but who knows if it can close the book on this one. 36 The public are still interested in the investigation because________. A of the terrible murder

B of the use of new DNA techniques D Loard Lucan was famous

C Lord Lucan has never been found

37 It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because________. A she was looking after the children B she was a friend of Lucan's

C it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan D Loard Lucan thought the nanny stole his car 38 Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by________. A jumping into water

C sailing his boat

B jumping out of his house D sinking his boat

39 Lucan could have been killed because people________. A didn’t want the police to catch him

B thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught C were unhappy with him

D thought he was rich

40 Ex-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr Barry Haplin________.

A was an old schoolteacher B died in Goa, India

C was really Lord Lucan in disguise D was a merchant

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第三篇 Tales of the Terrible Past

It is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner, storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readers to consider them seriously. Among those taking on the task of recounting history are some black writers who attempt to examine slavery from different points of view.

Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison deals specifically with the legacy of slavery in her book Beloved. The main character in this novel, a former slave called Sethe, lives in Ohio in the years following the Civil War, but she cannot free herself from her horrific memories. Through a series of flashbacks and bitter reminiscences, the reader learns how and why Sethe escaped from the plantation she had lived on; the fate of her husband, who also tried to escape; and finally, what happened to the child called Beloved. Morrison's scenes of torture and murder are vivid and strongly convey the desperation of the slaves and the cruelty of their owners．

Charles Johnson’s Middle Passage approaches slavery from a different, yet no less violent, vantage point. His main character, Rutherford Calhoun, is a ne’er-do-well free black American who stows away on a slave ship bound for Africa to collect its “cargo”. Put to work after he is discovered, Calhoun witnesses firsthand the appalling conditions in which the captured Africans are transported. When they finally rebel and take over the ship, he finds himself in the middle — and is forced to come to terms with who he is and what his values are.

Neither Beloved nor Middle Passage is an easy read, but both exemplify African American writers' attempts to bring significant historical situations alive for a modem audience. 41 This passage is mostly about________.

A the causes of slavery in America

C why Morrison and Johnson wrote the books they did D two novels that deal with slavery B black writers in the late 20th century

42 Beloved is set________. A on a slave ship

B on a plantation before the Civil War C in Ohio after the Civil War D in an African town

A everyone should read Morrison’s and Johnson’s novels B the books are worthwhile but challenging C black writers should ignore racial issues D we will repeat the past if we don’t learn about it A use of flashbacks B treatment of women C criticism of whites D portrayal of violence

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43 The writer seems to feel that________.

44 The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their________.

45 The word appalling means________.

A terrible B surprising C guilty

D unrealistic

第五部分：补全短文 (第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Death Control

A very important world problem—in fact, I am inclined to say it is the most important of all the great world problems which face us at the present time—is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on land and on land resources.

_____ 46 _____. By 2000 A.D., unless something desperate happens, there will be as many as 7, 000, 000, 000 people on the surface of the earth! So this is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime.

Why is this enormous increase in population taking place? _____ 47_____. You have heard of Birth Control? _____48 _____. Death Control recognizes the work of the doctors and the nurses and the hospitals and the health services in keeping alive people who, a few years ago, would have died of some of the incredibly serious killing diseases, as they used to do. Squalid conditions, which we can remedy by an improved standard of living, caused a lot of disease and dirt. Medical examinations at school catch diseases early and ensure healthier school children. Scientists are at work stamping out malaria and other more deadly diseases. If you are seriously ill there is an ambulance to take you to a modern hospital. ____49_____. We used to think seventy was a good age; now eighty, ninety, it may be, are coming to be recognized as a normal age for human beings. _____50_____.

A. People are living longer because of this Death Control, and fewer children are dying, so the population of the world is shooting up. B. Death Control is something rather different.

C. It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of what is coming to be called Death Control.

D. This enormous increase of population will create immense problems. E. The standard of living may be improved through death control. F. Medical care helps to keep people alive longer.

第六部分：完型填空 (第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1

Teaching and Learning Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect student to be familiar with the _51_ in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The __52__ student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of _53__, not the one interested only in getting high 8

grades. Sometimes homework is returned __54__brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is _55__for learning the material assigned. When research is _56_, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with __57_guidance. It is the student’s responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain __58__a university library works; they expect students ___59__graduate students to exhaust the reference __60__in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but __61__ that their students should not be __62__dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties __63__teaching, such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is ____. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either _65__ a professor during office hours or make an appointment. 51 A suggestion

B context

C abstract C average

D information D disappointed

52 A poor 53 A fun

B ideal B work

C learning D prize

54 A by B in C for D with 55 A criticized B innocent C responsible D dismissed 56 A collected B distributed C assigned D finished 57 A maximum B minimum C possible D practical 58 A when B what C why D how 59 A particularly B essentially C obviously 60 A selections 62 A too 63 A but A plentiful 65 A greet

D rarely

B collections C sources D origins B such C much D more B except C with D besides B limited C irregular D flexible B annoy C approach D attach

61 A hate B dislike C like D prefer

综合类_B级_参

1 D 14 A 27 D 40 C 53 C

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2 D 15 B 28 E 41 D 54 D 3 B 16 B 29 C 42 C 55 C 4 C 17 C 30 A 43 B 56 C 5 B 18 A 31 A 44 D 57 B 6 B 19 A 32 D 45 A 58 D 7 B 20 B 33 D 46 D 59 A 8 D 21 C 34 C 47 C 60 C 9 D 22 A 35 C 48 B 61 D 10 B 23 F 36 C 49 F 62 A 11 D 24 D 37 C 50 A 63 D 12 B 25 C 38 D 51 D B 13 A 26 A 39 B 52 B 65 C