专业英语-专业英语四级分类模拟73

专业英语四级分类模拟73

READING COMPREHENSION

TEXT A

Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children's school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated state test.

Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a commercially available test. Then on distills the skills needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.

The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of basic of skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test-obsessed rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.

Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are competent at test taking and filling in workbooks and ditto masters. However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can't see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary. 1、 What do teachers think about teaching to the mandated state test? A. It is commonly recognized. B. It is curiously controversial.

C. It has been exceptionally effective. D. It has been inadequately developed.

2、 As it is indicated in the second paragraph, the author finds it strange that ______.

A. skills are determined before tests are set B. tests are used to assess students' skills

C. tests restrict the skills necessary for students D. skills are consolidated by taking tests

3、 According to the third paragraph, \"this fundamental confusion\" refers to the fact that ______.

A. the basic of skills have been discussed too much

B. a test of a skill has been equated with acquiring the skill C. the nature and quality of what is taught are rarely concerned D. skills do not develop by being taught to take tests

4、 The crisis of comprehension is most probably resulted from ______. A. students' insufficient phonic and grammar skills B. teaching that takes up much of students' free time

C. teaching that emphasizes details rather than the whole D. students' incompetence in thinking about what they read

Corporate scandal, labor reductions, economic recession. The past year has been a sobering experience for the average worker, a return of the

nose-to-the-grindstone work ethic, and a time to roll up the shirt sleeves and get serious. You've seen your workload increase, your pay frozen, and your training budgets cut. And to make matters worse, you've seen expectations for ROI (Return on Investment) rise and e-learning companies fall. Need a tissue? It's not that bad. Honest. Despite what you may have heard, fun is not dead. In the burgeoning niche of game-based e-learning, a group of companies are using the video games kids (and adults) play as inspiration for delivering learning that counters workers' reluctance towards training and offers an antidote to the stress that many are under. Now that incentives of a pay increase or promotion are being reigned in by higher ups, employees are less enthusiastic about taking time away from their jobs for

training—managers even less so. These game-based e-learning applications counter by being fun, engaging, and in some cases, addictive.

But, as can be expected, e-learning that draws heavily on video games in a coat-and-tie culture is often a tough sell. Advanced games and simulations don't come cheap. Development costs for custom-designed games often top the million dollar mark and purchase prices are typically several hundred thousand dollars. Such an investment matches the cost of in-classroom training. With training budget cuts, companies that are on the fence are unwilling to take a chance on an unproven mode of delivery. Pragmatism and proven technology rule the day, as companies decide what they really need and suppliers figure out how to deliver. For some in the game-based e-learning segment, the mood is rather pensive. For them, fun isn't dead. It's just on pause.

For others, it's game on. Companies such as LearningWare, Corporate Adrenalin, and Games2Train are finding success by delivering within a tight budget and providing back-end data to ensure that games earn their keep. Even in the midst of this economic slump, game-based e-learning is demonstrating its potential to improve the way we train and do business.

5、 E-learning companies expect that video games will be used for ______. A. inspiring children's passion for learning B. inspiring workers' passion for their job C. relieving employees from work pressure D. relieving the need for certain job training

6、 Employees are less enthusiastic about training because ______.

A. promotion doesn't take training into account B. managers serve as a bad model for training

C. it is more and more difficult to get a promotion D. game-based e-learning is the more updated trend

7、 In a coat-and-tie culture, people tend to demand ______.

A. that games be custom-designed B. that games and simulations be cheap C. higher budget for in-classroom training D. pragmatism and proven technology

8、 The passage is aimed at people who ______. A. probably work for e-learning companies B. probably work for video game companies

C. are worded about the economy D. are concerned about e-training

9、 What happens to LearningWare, Corporate Adrenalin, and Games2Train? A. They are optimistic but cautious about e-learning. B. They are successful even in the economic recession.

C. They will become profitable when the economy revives. D. They will be provided with low-budget training programs.

TEXT B About forty years ago, I was an instructor in the military academy at Woolwich, when young Scoresby was given his first examination. I felt extremely sorry for him. Everybody answered the questions well, intelligently, while he—why, dear me—he did not know anything, so to speak. He was a nice, pleasant young man. It was painful to see him stand there and give answers that were miracles of stupidity. I knew of course that when examined again he would fail and be thrown out. So, I said to myself, it would be a simple, harmless act to help him as much as I could. I took him aside and found he knew a little about Julius Ceasar's history. But, he did not know anything else. So, I went to work and tested him and worked him like a slave. I made him work, over and over again, on a few questions about Ceasar, which l knew he would be asked. If you will believe me, he came through very well on the day of the examination. He got high praise too, while others who knew a thousand times more than he were sharply criticized. By some strange, lucky accident, he was asked no questions but those I made him study. Such an accident does not happen more than once in a hundred years.

Well, all through his studies, I stood by him, with the feeling a mother has for a disabled child. And he always saved himself by some miracle. I thought that what in the end would destroy him would be the mathematics examination. I decided to make his end as painless as possible. So, I pushed facts into his stupid head for hours. Finally, I let him go to the examination to experience what I was sure would be his dismissal from school. Well, sir, try to imagine the result. I was shocked out of my mind. He took first prize! And he got the highest praise.

I felt guilty day and night—what I was doing was not right. But I only wanted to make his dismissal a little less painful for him. I never dreamed it would lead to such strange, laughable results.

I thought that sooner or later one thing was sure to happen: The first real test once he was through school would ruin him.

10、 According to the narrator, Scoresby passed the exams because of ______. A. the narrator's help B. Scoresby's good luck C. Scoresby's hard work D. the teachers' kindness 11、 The narrator decided to help Scoresby ______.

A. so that Scoresby would not lose all his confidence

B. so that Scoresby could stay at school as long as possible C. because the narrator regarded Scoresby as his own child

D. because the narrator didn't want to see the students lag behind 12、 What did the narrator think about Scoresby? A. Scoresby would never get over his stupidity. B. Scoresby would have a promising future.

C. Scoresby's stupidity would be compensated by hard work. D. Scoresby's failure should be attributed to his laziness. 13、 The narrator felt guilty about ______.

A. being unable to help Scoresby to be smart B. indulging Scoresby's stupidity

C. enabling Scoresby to stay in school D. making Scoresby arrogant

14、 The \"first real test\" for Scoresby would most probably be ______. A. his first talk with his supervisor B. his first service

to the community

C. his first job interview D. his first task as a soldier

Recently, a couple in New Zealand were forbidden from naming their baby son 4Real. Even though New Zealand has quite liberal rules about naming children, names beginning with a number are not allowed. They decided to call him Superman instead. In many countries around the world, unusual names for children are becoming more popular, especially since the increasing trend for celebrities to give their children wacky names. In Britain, you can call a child almost anything you like—the only restrictions on parents relate to offensive words such as swear words.

Some parents choose names which come from popular culture. For example, there have been six boys named Gandalf after the character in the Lord of the Rings novels and films. Equally, names related to sport are fairly common—since 1984, 36 children have been called Arsenal after the football team.

Other parents like to make up names, or combine names to make their own unique version, a method demonstrated by Jordan, the British model, who recently invented the name Tiaacuteamii for her daughter by combining the names Thea and Amy (the two grandmothers). She was quoted as saying that the accent and double letters were added to make the name \"more exotic\". Other countries have much stricter rules when it comes to naming children. Countries including Japan, Denmark, Spain, Germany and Argentina have an approved list of names from which parents must choose. In China, there are some rules about what you may call a child—no foreign letters or symbols are allowed. As a result a couple were recently banned from calling their baby @.

In Britain, some names which were previously thought of as old-fashioned have become more popular again, such as Maisie or Ella for a girl, or Alfie or Noah for a boy. But the most popular names are not the wacky ones. The top names are fairly traditional—Jack, Charlie and Thomas for boys and Grace, Ruby and Jessica for girls.

15、 Celebrity parents tended to give their children ______.

A. an outstanding name B. a meaningless name C. an eccentric name D. a distinctive name 16、 What can we infer about Arsenal since 1984? A. Arsenal has won the most champions.

B. Arsenal has become the most appreciated children's name. C. Arsenal is preferred because the word has double meanings. D. The prevalence of Arsenal has never ceased. 17、 Jordan invented the name Tiaacuteamii for her daughter in order to ______. A. make the name different from any others B. commemorate her daughter's two grandmothers

C. demonstrate a special way of naming D. make a foreign name

TEXT C

We need to reform the European social model, not play round with it. Make it work in the long term to achieve the values it stands for. That's what we mean by New Labour, New in our means. But Labour in our aims. Since being elected, the New Labour Government has set its course according to these principles of the third way, the radical centre if you like. First, we have tightened public finances sharply. Next year, we will have one of the lowest levels of deficit of any major world economy. Two years after we may eliminate it. But we have tightened the deficit without raising

income taxes and whilst still getting more cash to poor pensioners and to the unemployed.

Second, we have started to squeeze the inflation we inherited back out of the system. But we did it by giving the Bank of England independence over the setting of interest rates. And we have continued that with far-reaching reforms of our financial system, to make it more open and secure. Third, we have made a firm commitment to more investment in our education system, which we have put as the top priority of the new Government. There is a huge investment going in.

But, it is a deal: investment for reform. Schools are going to have to raise standards sharply. There is a strong emphasis on discipline, high quality in teachers, and schools are being encouraged to be more flexible and imaginative in the way they work. Education Authorities are there to help schools, not control them. Teachers' unions do not set the agenda. We want partnership with those that work in our public services. But they are run for those that use them.

Fourth, we are embarking on reform of our welfare state. It is not simply the size of the budget. It is that it isn't doing the things it was established to do. We have more workless households, more people dependent on benefit, more socially excluded. We are instituting a Welfare to Work programme, giving young and long-term unemployed people the chance to work or get a skill. But in return there is an obligation to take work. There is a new emphasis on services like childcare and less just on extra cash benefits. Student finance is being reformed. Universities will get more money for investment, students numbers will be increased, but students will be expected when they start to earn reasonable sums of money after leaving university, to contribute back some of their fees. Our NHS is being reformed, with a new emphasis on better primary health care and more health prevention and less bureaucracy; in return, greater investment. Fifth, there is an attack on crime, not just serious crime, but vandalism and juvenile offending. Parents are being held responsible for the actions of their children, in certain circumstances. Crime is the scourge of modern-day living. It often affects the poorest in our society. We are determined to bear down on it in all ways possible. But, again, in balance, we are working strongly on rehabilitating and helping offenders to regain responsible lives. Sixth, there is a fundamental change to Britain's constitution under way, devolving and decentralising power to the nations and regions of the UK and revitalising local government. We are also reforming our system of voting in the European elections, incorporating directly the European Convention on Human Rights and introducing Freedom of Information legislation to open up the old-fashioned and secretive system of Government. And we are reforming the House of Lords. Add to this the search for peace in Northern Ireland—difficult and fraught though it is—and you can see we have a full and ambitious programme.

Of course, it will take time to deliver. That is frustrating for us and for the electorate. But the work in progress is there. The course is clear. And we will get to our destination, l have no doubt of it.

18、 By saying \"Labor in our aims\ A. become the ruling party of Britain B. carry out a social reform in Britain

C. attach importance to the labor force D. improve the working people's welfare

19、 With far-reaching reforms, it is expected that ______ will become more open and secure.

A. the interest rates B. the Bank of England C. the financial system D. the battle against

inflation

20、 \"they\" in the last sentence of the 6th paragraph most probably refers to ______.

A. Education Authorities B. Teachers' unions C. teachers D. schools 21、 What is NOT the purpose of the Welfare to Work programme? A. To decrease the number of people on benefit. B. To enable the unemployed to get some skill.

C. To enhance the quality of services like childcare. D. To reduce the jobless people's reliance on welfare. 22、 What is the Labor Party determined to do with crimes?

A. The government will be more tolerant with certain kinds of crimes. B. Offenders' rehabilitation will become the government's priority. C. Parents will be punished for their children's juvenile offending. D. All possible measures will be taken to fight against crimes. 23、 In the UK, power will be delegated to ______. A. the local governments B. the central government C. the ruling party D. the constitution As one of Europe's leading cultural cities Berlin offers many museums, historic sites and other places for a memorable visit.

Many landmarks remind us of the long history of Berlin, the remains of the destruction during World War Ⅱ and it's history when it was divided between east and west. Even though Berlin is a large metropolis orientating yourself in Berlin isn't hard at all. There are three prominent landmarks: the Church of Remembrance (the Gedaumlchtniskirche), located in the West on the

Kurfürstendamm, the Brandenburger Tor in the city district of Mitte, and the Fernsehturm (TV-tower) at Alexanderplatz in the East. Round and about these three points of interest lie the inner districts of Berlin. The 365-meter high TV Tower was built between 1965 and 1969 and is located in East Berlin. It reminds us of the time when Berlin was divided. Now it's a symbol of a united city. And as one of the highest buildings in Europe it offers a marvellous view of the city both during the day and night. You can visit the observation platform located at a height of 203 meters or dine at the restaurant while enjoying the view. The Brandenburg Gate, Berlin's only remaining city gate, is the most known town landmark and also symbol of the division and reunion of the city. It was situated in the no man's land just behind the wall and reopened after the Fall of the Wall on December 22, 19. The sandstone construction, built from 1788-1791 to plans by C.G. Langhans, has 12 Doric columns and is based on the propylaeum of the Acropolis in Athens. In 11-15, in a new-Romanesque style, the original Gedaumlchtniskirche was built to honour the memory of Kaiser Wilhelm I and represented a symbol of the era of the German Empire. During the Second World War, the church was heavily damaged but not completely destroyed. The remaining ruins reminded the local population about the bombings of the war and were transformed into a small museum and into a memorial. In 1961-1963, next to the church, the high six-sided bell tower and the flat eight-sided main building were built. The old tower ruins serve today as a church museum and a remembrance hall for peace and reconciliation.

The Reichstag is a very important site in German history—its colourful past reflects the turbulence of German history since the 19th century. The Reichstag was constructed from 1884-14 by Paul Wallot, since a representative building was needed to house the parliament of the newly-founded German state. On November 9, 1918, the politician Philipp Scheidemann announced the

establishment of the Republic from one of its windows. After the war, the

devastated building was rebuilt in a simplified form from 1961-1971, but it was not used for parliamentary functions. After reunification, the German Federal Government decided to use the building as a parliament once again. From 1994-1999 the Reichstag was reconstructed and extended by the Architect Sir Norman Forster. Since 1999 the Reichstag is home to the Bundestag (the lower Parliament). The Berlin Wall was originally one hundred miles long and was constructed by the Communist government of the former east. All that is left today are a few sections of the wall near the Ostbahnhof and the Reichstag. These sections have been preserved to remind Berliners of the 28-year division of their city. The remnants of the Berlin Wall now serve as an outdoor gallery of art from local and city artists. 24、 According to the second paragraph, the three prominent landmarks ______. A. make it easy for people to find directions in Berlin B. are closely related to the history of World War Ⅱ C. enable Berlin to become a historical metropolis D. used to divide Berlin between east and west

25、 Before the reunion of Berlin, the Brandenburg Gate ______. A. was the only gateway to Berlin

B. was the only city gate not destroyed by war C. became almost a ruin inaccessible to visitors

D. signified the border of East Berlin and West Berlin 26、 Gedaumlchtniskirche has been remodeled into ______.

A. a church B. a tower

C. a peace memorial D. a war museum 27、 The Reichstag had to be rebuilt because ______.

A. it had much to do with political changes in Germany B. it had been destroyed in the Second World War C. it was no longer used for parliament functions

D. the parliament of the German state was just founded 28、 What is true about the Berlin Wall?

A. It lasted from the end of WWII to 1976. B. It spanned from some time in 1961 to 19. C. It symbolized the collapse of the Republic. D. It has been totally removed after the reunion.

29、 The passage mainly describes Berlin from a ______ viewpoint. A. cultural B. political C. historical D. geographical

TEXT D

Is it any wonder that America is also a country of dangerously overweight people?

According to a recent study by the National Center for Health Statistics, the number of adults characterized as overweight in the United States has jumped to an astonishing one-third of the population. Overweight in this case means being about 20 percent or more above a person's desirable weight. Since the figures for \"desirable weight\" have moved upward over the last decade or so, total poundage—even at 20 percent over—may be considerable.

So are the attendant health risks. Excess weight has been linked to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and some forms of cancer, among other diseases. Once, when work and school and the grocery store were a two-mile hike away, Americans could afford the calories they consume. But not now, not when millions spend four or five hours a day in front of a TV set—along with a bag of chips, a bowl of buttered popcorn and a six-pack—and there's a car or two in every

driveway.

\"There is no commitment to obesity as a public health problem,\" said Dr. William Dietz, director of clinical nutrition at the New England Medical Center in Boston. \"We've ignored it, and blamed it on gluttony and sloth.\"

If one definition of a public health problem is its cost to the nation, then obesity qualifies. According to a study done by Dr. Graham A. Colditz, who teaches at Harvard Medical School, it cost America an estimated $68.8 billion in 1990. But what's wrong blaming it on gluttony and sloth? True, some unfortunate overweight people have an underlying physical or genetic problem. But for most Americans, the problem is with two of the seven deadly sins.

Losing weight is a desperately difficult business. Preventing gain, however, is not. Consumer information is everywhere, and there can be few adults who truly believe that hot dogs, fries, a soda and a couple of Twinkles make a good lunch. But they eat them anyway.

As more and more Americans became educated to the risks of smoking, more and more Americans gave up the habit. Now it appears that Americans need an intensive education in the risks of stuffing themselves and failing to exercise as well.

Given the seductiveness of chocolate and cheese, the couch and the car, that habit will be hard to break. But if an ounce of prevention can obviate a pound of fat, it is well worth the struggle.

30、 The author sets up the standard of overweight people based on the fact that ______.

A. the number of overweight people has astonishingly increased B. people have a different idea about their desirable weight now C. overweight becomes a threat to people's health D. the overweight problem has long been studied

31、 By saying \"So are the attendant health riskshe author means ______. A. America suffers health risks as well as the overweight problem B. health risks resulting from overweight are serious too C. overweight is classified as one of the health problems

D. people have also paid much attention to the possible health risks 32、 What does William Dietz think of overweight?

A. Overweight should be treated as a public health problem. B. Overweight should be attributed to gluttony and sloth. C. Overweight has much to do with nutritional problems. D. Overweight has nothing to do with the overuse of cars. 33、 Most Americans believe that ______.

A. the overweight problem has cost the nation much B. obesity is related to one's physical conditions C. people who are overweight are unfortunate D. gluttony and sloth are two deadly sins 34、 In order to solve the overweight problem, the author suggests that everyone need to ______. A. be taught to prevent gaining weight B. be educated to lose weight effectively

C. seek help from consumer information D. know what makes a healthy dinner Americans seeking jobs this side of the Atlantic should be aware that sometimes things are done differently here. Jennifer Vessels, of CareerJournalEurope , reveals the right way—and the wrong way—to get a post in Europe. Think like a local. That's the tip from careers experts for potential expats looking to gain international experience. Learn what skills are needed in the country you are targeting and market yourself in a European way.

The Wrong Way

After earning an MBA at night in international marketing, an ambitious product manager working for a computer-systems firm in San Jose, California, was ready to put his knowledge to use by relocating to Europe. To prepare, he used the Internet and his local library to research European countries. He decided that France and Germany were most appealing and, fortunately, his company had subsidiaries in both countries. When he approached senior management about seeking an expatriate assignment, they agreed that the subsidiaries would benefit from his talents. The product manager then submitted a formal proposal requesting a transfer to his boss, who was supportive and suggested that he send a resume outlining his accomplishments to hiring managers at the French and German offices. The product manager followed up by voice mail to explain his interest in joining their team.

A few weeks passed without a response, so the manager sent another fax and left more voice-mail messages. His boss also directly contacted the hiring managers to stress how the new MBA graduate's innovative marketing ideas would benefit the organisation. Both hiring managers agreed that the candidate would be a good addition to their teams, but said they needed more time to think about it. After six months of leaving voice mail and sending faxes highlighting his accomplishments, the product manager got frustrated and started seeking international opportunities outside the company. What Went Wrong? The MBA had the right educational qualifications and a solid track record in the US, as well as the support of his management. Yet he made a critical mistake. He based his approach on techniques that work in the US, but not in Europe. He didn't realise that when seeking a new position or transfer overseas, you must know your market well. Since the culture, business and decision-making style and needs of each European country varies, first-hand knowledge is essential.

\"The most common mistake Americans make is assuming that the needs and business practices of the European countries are the same as those in the US,\" says Erwin De Wolfe, a partner in the Brussels office of Korn/Ferry International, one of the world's largest executive-search firms. The Right Way

The best way to understand the nuances of any country is to spend time there. By not visiting France or Germany, the product manager mistakenly assumed they were interested in marketing ideas from America. But that's rarely the case. \"We generally rely on the locals in country to drive our marketing campaigns, since they're much closer to the customer than US personnel,\" says Patrick DeRoy, operations manager for Newbridge Networks, a local-and wide-area networking systems firm with operations throughout Europe. By offering new marketing ideas from a US perspective, the MBA and his boss were proposing exactly the opposite of what the European managers wanted.

35、 \"Expats\" in the second paragraph has the closest meaning to \"______\". A. migrants from outside Europe B. job-seeking Americans in Europe

C. job-seeking people with expertise D. immigrants with technical expertise

36、 The author counts it fortunate for the product manager that ______. A. he has an MBA in international marketing

B. the company provides financial assistance for overseas staff C. the company has branches in the countries that interest him D. his boss appreciates his accomplishments

37、 The product manager finally gave up on the application because ______. A. he realized he was not qualified for the European market B. he couldn't get what he had expected

C. he was expected to wait no longer than six months D. he got an offer from another international company

38、 According to the author, the product manager should have ______ before applying for the job in Europe.

A. read relevant business reports B. experienced their business practices C. drawn up a marketing project D. consulted a career master 39、 Erwin De Wolfe is most probably a ______.

A. labor researcher B. career consultant C. marketing strategist D. personnel recruiter 40、 If the product manager had applied to Newbridge Networks, his marketing ideas would have been ______.

A. doubted B. impressive C. workable D. rejected

答案:

READING COMPREHENSION

TEXT A

1、A

[解析] 第1段末句中的openly和proudly说明教师普遍接受应试教育的模式，由此可见，A为此题答案。B中的curiously与第2段首句中的curious为同族词，但第2段首句是作者的观点，而且B中的controversial没有原文依据，教师对应试教育的看法比拟一致，不存在争议，因此B不正确；原文除了第1段末句指出教师对应试教育模式的看法外，其他都是作者的观点，因此，C和D均无原文依据。 2、C [解析] 第2段最后三句分别以First，Then，Finally开头，说明在教育的过程中测试和技巧的顺序，由此顺序可见，C是正确的说法。A与第2段最后三句提到的顺序相反，因此不正确；B和D都是作者眼中正常的教育程序，使作者觉得奇怪的应为与此相反的看法，因此这两个选项不符合题意。 3、B

[解析] 根据题干中的“this fundamental confusion〞定位到第3段末句。该句中的this说明该词组的所指应该在上一句提到，B是对第3段倒数第2句的近义改写，因此为此题答案。 4、D [解析] 最后一段第3句和末句反复强调了学生没有时间think，因此D为此题答案。此题最具干扰性的是C，最后一段最后三句也提到了学生不能懂得所读资料的大意，但末句提到这是因为学生过于关注分数而没有时间关注大意，并非因为老师教导他们无须关注大意，因此C不正确。A中的phonic and grammar skills在最后一段首句提及，但insufficient这一信息没有原文依据；该段末句提到no time时，指出的是学生没有时间思考，B断章取义，不正确。 5、C

[解析] 第2段第5句中的for引出的就是这些公司开发电子游戏的目的，定语从句里的offers an antidote to the stress说明电子游戏结合了学习的功能后，能帮助员工减轻压力，C就是对这个内容的同义改写，为此题答案。

6、A

[解析] 第2段第6句开头的Now that...引出的从句说明现在升职加薪的时机都掌握在上司手里，这也就暗示着员工就算花时间去接受培训提升自己，也不能影响升职加薪，这与A的内容最接近，因此A为此题答案。 7、D

[解析] 根据题干中的coat-and-tie culture定位到第3段第1、6句。culture可以理解为“人们崇尚的东西〞，而第6句中的...rule the day说明现在人们崇尚的是Pragmatism and proven technology，由此可见，此题应选D。 8、A

[解析] 第1段屡次提到you，这就是作者针对的读者群。根据第1段的内容和笫2段开头三句话的感受以及作者对读者的抚慰，可以推断第1段里的you很有可能是在网络学习公司工作的人，因此此题应选A。 9、B

[解析] 最后一段第2句的are finding success说明这些公司现在已取得了成功，而下一句开头的Even in the midst of this economic slump说明现在经济正处于下滑当中，B结合了这两句的内容，因此B是此题答案。A中的cautious没有原文依据；C的前半局部正确，但后半局部没有原文依据；D中的low-budget training programs由这些公司提供，而不是提供应这些公司的，因此D所陈述的关系不正确。

TEXT B

10、B

[解析] 第4段倒数第2句中的lucky以及该段最后一句和第5段末尾的miracle都说明作者认为Scoresby是因为运气好才能考试及格，因此此题应选B。文章反复提到作者帮助Scoresby，但也屡次提到作者认为Scoresby笨到无可救药，由此可见，光靠作者的帮助或老师的仁慈，Scoresby是不可能考试及格的，由此可将最具干扰性的A和D排除。 11、B

[解析] 第2段第1句说明作者不想Scoresby被逐出学校，所以他决定尽力帮助Scoresby以使他能待在学校，由此可见，此题应选B。C试图利用第5段第1句提到的mother，child等词混淆实现，该句只是一个比喻的说法，作者并没有真的把Scoresby看作自己的孩子，因此排除C；A、D无原文依据。 12、A

[解析] 全文提及作者对Scoresby的屡次帮助，但每次帮助之后，作者又觉得Scoresby还是靠运气才通过了考试，可见作者觉得Scoresby无法变聪明，因此此题应选A。文章最后一句说明作者对Scoresby毕业后的前途并不看好，B与此观点相反；C中的hard work和D中的laziness均没有原文依据。 13、C [解析] 从文章开头到倒数第2段讲的都是作者如何帮助Scoresby，让他尽可能地留在学校里，最终Scoresby也真撑到了毕业，作者对造成这样的结果感到内疚，害怕有朝一日会害了Scoresby，由此可见，此题应选C。 14、D

[解析] 第1段首句中的military academy说明Scoresby就读的是一间军校，毕业后会当士兵，由此可推断，作者认为Scoresby毕业当兵后执行第一次任务会毁掉他，因此，此题应选D。 15、C [解析] 根据题干中的Celebrity parents定位到第2段第1句。原文该句中的wacky说明名人喜欢给小孩起一个乖僻的名字，由此可见，此题应选C。如果不知道wacky的意思，可以根据第1段提到的例子4Real和Superman做出推断，这两个名字不但unusual，而且作者更想显示他们很乖僻，虽然A和D都有unusual的意思，但不如eccentric贴近作者的观点。

16、D

[解析] 根据题干中的Arsenal since 1984定位到第3段末句。结合原文该句可以推断20多年来不断有父母帮孩子取名为Arsenal，可见这是一种流行(prevalence)，且20多年来不间断，因此此题应选D。 17、A [解析] 根据题干中的Jordan和Tiaacuteamii定位到第4段第1、2句。原文该段提到Jordan的例子是为了说明该段第1句的观点，该段第1句提到一些父母喜欢将一些名字组合成一个独特的名字。由此可见，此题应选A。如果Jordan只是将两位祖母的名字合并为她女儿的名字，那么我们应该选B，但Jordan在合并的根底上运用了发音和拼写的重复，这时B就不适合了；C并不是Jordan给女儿起这样一个名字的目的；该段中的exotic一词应该理解为“奇异的〞，而不能理解为“外来的〞，对这个词的正确理解有助于排除D。 TEXT C

18、B [解析] 根据题干中的“Labor in our aims〞定位到第1段。将该段第3句开头的That's what we mean与开头两句的内容结合起来就可以推断此题应选B。从第2段可以知道这篇文章是工党已经成为执政党之后发表的，A不正确；C中的labor force和D中的working people都试图与题干中的Labor扯上关系，但第1段并没有提到labor与这些有关。 19、C

[解析] 此题实际上考查第4段末句中代词it的所指，分析该句可以知道it就是句中的financial system，因此此题应选C。 20、D

[解析] 第6段末句中的they代指前一句末尾的public services，结合该段关于“教育〞的话题可以推断public services在该段特指“学校〞，因此此题应选D。原文该句中的被动语态可以首先帮助排除C。其他两个选项都不属于public services。 21、C

[解析] 第7段第5句中的分词结构giving...说明Welfare to Work这一方案的作用是为了让靠领救济金生活的人掌握生活技能，找到工作，从而不用再领救济金。从这个角度来看，C符合题意。 22、D

[解析] 第8段第5句中的关键词是bear down，意为“击倒〞，而该句中的in all ways说明会采取“所有〞措施打击罪案，因此此题应选D。A中的tolerant看起来与bear词义相关，但bear down不能分开理解，因此A根本没有原文依据；B中的rehabilitation在第8段末句有提及，但该句没有提及这是的priority；第8段第2句只说明“在某些情况下〞家长要为孩子的非法行为负责任，可见C的说法过于绝对。 23、A

[解析] 第9段首句说明工党决定将权力下放到地方，该句中devolving的意思是“移交〞，decentralising意为“(权力)下放〞，根据to the nations and regions of the UK and revitalizing (使恢复元气) local government可以直接选A。 24、A [解析] 第2段第2句先提到在柏林确定自己的方位不难，第3句提到了3个突出的标志性建筑物，这两句之间含有隐藏的因果关系，由此可见，此题应选A。此题最具干扰性的是B。第2段第1句不但提到了标志性建筑物会让人想起二战对柏林的影响，还提到了这些建筑物与柏林悠久的历史有关，由此可见，B说得过于绝对。 25、D [解析] 从第4段第2句描述的勃兰登堡门位于柏林墙后可以推断它就在东、西柏林的分界线上，由此可见，D为此题答案。A没有原文依据；第4段第1句只提到了only remaining city gate，没有提到其他门在什么时候以什么方式被毁掉，因此B不正确；C的前半局部没有原文依据，第4段第2句

提到它在东西德国统一后才重新开放，这不意味着它当时是废墟不能开放了。 26、C

[解析] 第5段末句说明Gedaumlchtniskirche现在有两个功能：博物馆和和平纪念馆，C提到了后者，因此为此题答案。 27、B

[解析] 第6段第4句中的After the war, the devastated building暗示Reichstag是毁于战火，而从该段提到的时间来看可以推断这一句提到的战争是指“二战〞，因此此题应选B。 28、B

[解析] 从第4段第2句提到的勃兰登堡门重开的时间和最后一段第3句提到的德国的持续时间可以推断德国从1961年开始，到19年统一，柏林围墙的存在从德国到统一共28年，因此此题应选B。 29、C

[解析] 从每一段提到的内容可以推断作者比拟注重介绍与这些建筑物有关的历史事实，因此，此题应选C。虽然第1段也提到了cultural一词，但从全文的内容来看，文章还是最注重“历史〞的角度，因此A不正确；其他两个选项就更加缺乏原文依据了。 TEXT D

30、B

[解析] 作者在第2段第2句定义了超重的概念，虽然没有明确指出为什么要以超出20%为标准，但是从下一句中的插入成分even...可以推断，以前并非以20%为超重的标准的，现在以此为标准是因为人们对理想体重的标准改变了，因此B为此题答案。关于超重的标准，原文只有第2段第2、3句有涉及，因此，虽然A和C的内容在原文中都有提及，但都与超重的标准无关；而D中的long无原文依据。 31、B [解析] 此题考点是一个倒装句，关键是理解其中的so和attendant的意思。第2段主要指出肥胖问题很严重，可以推断本句中的so指的是the health risks也很严重。从第3段第2句中的...has been linked to...说明超重造成各种健康问题，该句是对前一句的进一步解释，由此可推断本段首句中的the attendant health risks可理解为“超重造成对健康的危害〞，结合这两点的理解，可推断B为此题答案。 32、A

[解析] 第5段首句是William Dietz对肥胖症的看法，句中的obesity as a public health problem说明Dietz认为肥胖症是一个公共健康问题，因此A为此题答案。B是公众对肥胖症的看法，并非Dietz的看法；原文只有第5段是关于Dietz的看法，C、D都不能在第5段找到依据。 33、D [解析] 第6段末句的two of the seven deadly sins指的就是该段第3句提到的gluttony and sloth，由此可见，D为此题答案。根据第6段首句可知A是作者的看法；B是第6段第4句提及的内容，也是作者的看法；C是对第6段倒数第2句开头的some unfortunate overweight people的曲解，而且这也不是大多数美国人的想法。 34、A

[解析] 第7段开头两句说明preventing gain的做法比拟可行，而第8段末句说明education很重要，结合这两点，可推断A为此题答案。 35、A

[解析] 第2段第1句提出的建议说明第2句中的expats是指“非本地人〞，本文中的本地人是指“欧洲人〞，由此可见，expats应该是指从欧洲以外的地区移居欧洲的人，因此此题应选A，原句中的looking to gain international experience说明expats到欧洲去是为了找工作，但这也说明expats本身不含有job-seeking这个意思，因此含有job—seeking的B和C均不正确；D中的technical expertise没有原文依据。 36、C

[解析] 第4段第2句中的subsidiaries意为“子公司〞，由此可见，C是对该句的近义改写，为此题答案。如果误将subsidiaries当成了subsidies，很容易会误选B；A和D都在原文提到，但作者并没有认为这些是“值得庆幸〞的事。 37、B

[解析] 第7段末尾已说明这位产品经理got frustrated，可见他没有得到自己预期的结果，因此B的说法是正确的。原文没有相关信息说明产品经理意识到自己失败的原因，因此A不正确；原文也没有提到求职后一般要等多久才开始找另外一份工作，因此C不正确；D纯属无中生有。 38、B [解析] 第8段最后一句中的first-hand说明作者认为求职者应该“亲自〞接触一下欧洲商业的运作模式，因此此题应选B。 39、D

[解析] 根据题干中的Erwin De Wolfe定位到第9段。从Erwin De Wolfe工作的公司(一家猎头公司)可以推断他专门帮别人招募高素质的员工，因此，此题应选D。A“劳工研究员〞，B“职业咨询师〞，C“营销策略员〞与“猎头公司〞的关系均不如D中的recruiter密切。 40、D

[解析] 最后一段末句说明这位产品经理提出的销售理念不会被欧洲公司所接受，文中提到Newbridge Networks是一家欧洲公司，因而这位产品经理应会被拒绝，因此，此题应选D。A的态度不如D坚决，doubted说明还有“接受〞的余地，而原文没有说明有这种“余地〞，因此A不正确；其他两个选项是褒义词，肯定不对。