移动通信技术发展趋势

摘要：本文全面论述了现代移动通信技术的六大最新进展趋势:网络业务的数据化、分组化,网络技术的宽带化,网络技术的智能化,更高的频段,更有效利用频率,网络趋于融合、走向统一。熟悉、掌握这些趋势对移动通信运营商与设备制造商均具有重要的现实意义。 关于移动智能网的研究,早在1995年就已开始,刚开始并没有具体的标准协议出现,各厂商各自制定了自己的标准,同时据此进行了很多的研究工作,如Alcatel、Nortel、Ericsson等都先后推出了自己的初期产品。这些工作为最终移动智能网标准的形成积存了经验。 1997年末,美国蜂窝电信工业协会(CTIA)制定了移动智能网的第一个标准协议——IS-41D协议。1998年1月,欧洲电信标准研究所(ETSI)在GSM phase2+阶段引入了CAMEL协议(移动通信高级逻辑的客户化应用程序),当时的版本是Phase1。1998年4月,ITU-T在新推出的智能网能力集一2标准中描述了移动接入的功能实体,称之CAMEL phase2标准。

伴随着移动网络向第三代系统的演进,网络的智能化程度也在不断地提升。智能网及其智能业务是构成未来个人通信的基本条件。 五、更高的频段

从第一代的模拟移动电话,到第二代的数字移动网络,再到将来的第三代移动通信系统,网络使用的无线频段遵循一种由低到高的进展趋势。1981年诞生的第一个具有国际漫游功能的模拟系统NMT的使用频段为450MHz,1986年NMT变迁到900MHz频段。我国目前的模拟TACS系统的使用频段也为900 MHz。在第二代网络中,GSM系统的开始使用频段为900MHz,IS-95 CDMA系统为800MHz。为了从根本上提高GSM系统的容量,1997年出现了1800MHz系统,GSM 900/1800双频网络迅速普及。2002年将投入商用的第三代系统 IMT-2000则定位在2GHz频段。 六、网络趋于融合,走向统一

技术的进展、市场需求的变化、市场竞争的加剧与市场管制的放松将使计算机网、电信网、电视网等加快融合为一体,宽带IP技术成为三网融合的支撑与结合点。未来的网络将向宽带化、智能化、个人化方向进展,形成统一的综合宽带通信网,并逐步演进为由核。心骨干层与接八层构成、业务与网络分离的构架。

Mobile communication technological development tendency

Abstract: This article elaborated the modern mobile communication technology six big most recent development tendency in detail: The network service's digitization, the grouping, networking's wide band, networking's intellectualization, a higher frequency band, the more effective use frequency, the network tends the fusion, the trend unification. The understanding, grasps these tendencies has the vital practical significance to the mobile communication operator and the equipment manufacturer.

Keywords ： Mobile communication Internet Wireless data IMT-2000 Intelligent network Network fusion

1、Mobile communication's significance is at

The reason that the mobile service the development swift and violent was mainly it has satisfied the people in any time. Any place carries on the correspondence with any individual the desire. The mobile communication realizes in the future the ideal person-to-person communication service way that must be taken. In the information support technology, the market competition and under the demand combined action, the mobile communication technology's development is progresses by leaps and bounds, presents the following several general trends: The network service digitization, the grouping, the networking wide band, the networking intellectualization, a higher frequency band, the more effective use frequency, each kind of network tends the fusion. The understanding, grasps these tendencies has the vital practical significance to the mobile communication operator and the equipment manufacturer. 2Network service digitization, grouping

The wireless data - - vitality infinite current migration data communication development is rapid, was considered that is a mobile communication development main direction. In recent years appeared the migration data communication mainly had two kinds, one kind was the circuit switching migration data traffic, like in TACS, AMPS and GSM load bearing data traffic as well as GSM system's HSCSD; Other one kind is the packet switching migration data traffic, like Motorola's DataTAC, Ericsson's Mobitex and GSM system's GPRS. 2、application actuates the market

The wireless data traffic's main driving influence lies in the user the application. The voice is

sole, easy the service which is accepted by the populace, however the wireless data is different, the wireless data initial application key places transportation management such professional market. In the near future the wireless data traffic's target market will be the sales personnels or scene engineer such user group. Sends the goal from these in the application to accumulate the wireless data the first experience, and profits.

In the past's ten years, the traditional life style rapidly was already changing, the people regularly migration, between the occupation and individual life's dividing line becomes fuzzy, the people need not to divide, the place visit very important information. Will occur will become the actuation wireless data traffic development on the user body's this kind of life style change the important attribute.

（1）Internet's influence

Are the same with correspondence other domains, a wireless data traffic most important driving influence from Internet. According to the recent research, two year Europe's Internet user quantity will double in the future. In our country, the Internet user's yearly rate will reach as high as 300%, obviously the user will turn on Internet's demand in the movement to grow.

In order to satisfy turns on Internet's demand, global open agreement - - wireless application protocol (WAP) arises at the historic moment. WAP was transmits the Internet information content as well as the value-added service to the mobile termination has provided one kind of open general standard, has realized IP and the GSM network bridge joint, was one provides accelerates the market for the manufacturer to grow, to avoid the network cleft grafting, protecting the standard which the operator invested, WAP guaranteed that any handset could work with WAP the compatible GSM.

（2）data rate development

The GSM bearer service provides the GSM data rate is highest can only achieve 9.6kbit/s. Internationally in 1998 introduced the high-speed circuit exchange data (HSCSD) technology will realize the 57kbit/s data rate, to requested the continual bit rate and the transmission latency small application is ideal, like video-conference, email, long-distance turning on enterprise's local area network and wireless image. in 1999 commercialized GPRS was the first GSM integrated data application, will realize surpasses 100kbit/s the data rate. To short “arises suddenly” the type service is ideal, like the credit card authentication, the long-distance survey and the long-distance business process. EDGE (enhancement data rate GSM improvement pattern) uses has revised the GSM modulation system to realize surpasses 300kbit/s the data rate. EDGE will let the GSM operator profit specially, not only they may win the third generation mobile communication the management license, but may also provide has the competitive power wideband data service.

Causes the early time mobile communication to the voice correspondence's pursue to move toward successfully anytime and anywhere. Mobile communication's commercial value and the consumer market obtained the proof, the whole world moved the market to grow by the unusual speed. The mobile communication evolution's next stage is and even moves the multimedia shifts personally to the wireless data, this progress already started, and will become in the future the important point of growth. Will move personally multimedia will supply is unable to imagine, consummation individual service and the wireless information according to the place for the people, will work to the people with life each aspect has the influence. In individual multimedia world, the voice mail and the email are transmitted to move in the multimedia mailboxes; The

short note will become has the picture and the video frequency content electronic postcard; The voice call will unify with the real-time image, produces the massive visible mobile phone, will also realize moves the Internet and World Wide Web glances over. Wireless video-conference such application will find at everywhere likely, electronic commerce will develop vigorously. Also has each kind of mailbox and the entertainment anytime and anywhere regarding the movement in user serves.

3、 Networking wide band

In the telecommunications industry history, the mobile communication possibly is the technology and the market development quickest domain. The service, the technology, the market three between are one kind of interactive relations, follows the user to the data, multimedia service demand increase, the network service to the digitization, the grouping development, the motion network is moving toward the wide band inevitably.

Through the use telephone exchange technology and the honeycomb radio technology, were born in the late 70s the first generation of simulation mobile phone. AMPS (North America honeycomb system), NMT (Northern Europe mobile phone) and TACS (omnidirectional communications system) is three kind of main narrow band mock standard. A first generation of wireless networking's great achievement removed has connected the telephone the network the subscriber's line. The user first time can any place wireless receive which is in them and dials telephones. The second generation of system has introduced the digital radio technology, it provides the higher network capacity, improved the voice quality and the secrecy, and has introduced the seamless international roaming for the user. Today world market second generation of digital wireless standard, including GSM, MMPS, PDC (Japan digital cellular system) and IS95 CDMA and so on, still for narrow band system.

The third generation moves the system, namely IMT-2000, is one kind of genuine wide band multimedia systems, it can provide the high grade wide band synthesis service and realize the global seamless cover. after 2000, the narrow band mobile phone service demand still will be very big, but along with Internet and so on high speed data correspondence and the multimedia correspondence demand's actuation, the wide band multimedia synthesis services will grow gradually, moreover the seamless cover which will construct on the future information superhighway says, the wide band mobile communication will take the entire migration market share the subset will appear more and more important. 4、 Networking intellectualization

The mobile communication demand grows as well as the new technology unceasingly in the mobile communication widespread application, urged the motion network to obtain the rapidly expand. The motion network by purely the transmission and the exchange information, gradually to the memory and process information's intellectualized development, the motion intelligent network lives from this.

About the motion intelligent network's research, as early as started in 1995, just started the concrete standard agreement not to appear, various manufacturers have formulated own standard respectively, and has carried on many research works according to the above, like Alcatel, Nortel, Ericsson and so on successively have promoted own initial period product. These work to move the intelligent network standard the formation to gain in the experience finally.

at the end of 1997, American honeycomb Telecommunication industries association (CTIA) has formulated the motion intelligent network first standard agreement - - IS-41D agreement. in

January, 1998, European Telecommunications Standard Research institute (ETSI) stage has introduced the CAMEL agreement in GSM the phase2+ (mobile communication high-level logic customization application procedure), edition was Phase1. in April, 1998, ITU-T was promoting newly in intelligent network ability collection 2 standards described the motion turning on function entity, was called CAMEL the phase2 standard.

Follows is moving the network to the third generation system's evolution, the network intellectualized degree unceasingly is also promoting. The intelligent network and the intelligent service constitutes in the future the person-to-person communication basic condition. 5、Higher band

From the first generation of simulation mobile phone, to the second generation of numeric move network, to future third generation mobile communication system, the network use's wireless frequency band will follow one kind of trend of development again from low to high. in 1981 was born first had the international roaming function analogous system NMT use frequency band is 450MHz,1986 the year NMT vicissitude to the 900MHz frequency band. Our country present simulation TACS system's use frequency band is also 900 MHz. In the second generation of network, the GSM system's start use frequency band is 900MHz, IS-95 the CDMA system is 800MHz. To fundamentally enhance the GSM system's capacity, in 1997 presented the 1800MHz system, the GSM 900/1800 dual-frequency network popularized rapidly. in 2002 will invest commercial third generation system IMT-2000 to locate in the 2GHz frequency band. 6、The network tends the fusion, moves toward the unification

The technical development, market demand's change, market competition's aggravating as well as the market control policy's relaxation will make the computer net, the telecommunication network, the television network and so on to speed up bes in one friendly, the wide band IP technology becomes the support which and the combining site three nets fuse. Future network to the wide band, the intellectualization, the personalized direction will develop, forms the unified comprehensive wide band communications network, and gradually evolution for by nucleus. The heart backbone level and meets the skeleton which eight compositions, the service and the network separate.