一 室内装饰工程的特点
The characteristics of interior decoration engineering
室内装饰工程具有以下几个特点：1.室内装饰工程管理是对诸工协同施工的系统组织管理；2.工地管理人员是施工的组织者和指挥者，并把握施工装饰的整体效果；3。管理人员是设计与施工的桥梁。其技术水平的高低直接影响着装饰施工的质量和效益；4.管理工作多而繁杂。主要包括：诸工种的组织管理，成百种的材料组织管理，机具管理、安全管理、工程款的计划试用等方面；5.管理工程包含了与甲方的联系，听取甲方对施工的意见。对工程项目的修改，增补事宜的处理。
Interior decoration engineering has the following characteristics: 1. The interior decoration project management is the collaborative construction of system organization and management of the workers; 2. The site management personnel's construction organizer and commander, and grasp the overall effect of the construction decoration; 3. Management is the bridge design and construction. Its level of technology directly affects the decoration construction quality and efficiency; 4. Management and more multifarious. Mainly includes: the type of work organization and management, hundreds of kinds of material organization and management, equipment management, security management, project plan to try; 5. Manage the engineering includes the contact of party a, listen to the opinion of party a for construction. To project modification, supplement matters.
二 室内装饰工程工艺流程
http://www.sdwyql.com/ http://www.sdhatqzj.com/ http://www.sfqsy.cn/ Two interior decoration engineering process
室内装饰工程最传统的施工工序一般为两个方案：方案一：管道安装工程—木作工程—顶棚工程—墙面工程—地面工程—油漆工程—电器安装工程。方案二：管道安装工程—顶棚工程—墙面工程—地面工程—木作工程—油漆工程—电器安装工程。
Interior decoration engineering construction process of the most traditional generally into two schemes: one way: pipe installation project - wood - ceiling, metope engineering, ground engineering, paint engineering - electrical installation works. Scheme 2: pipe installation engineering - ceiling, metope, ground engineering, wood engineering - paint engineering - electrical installation works.
三 室内装饰工程工艺流程中存在的问题
Three problems existing in the process of interior decoration engineering
3.1 美观问题
3.1 beautiful question
传统的两种安装工程有时需要穿插进行。但是，这两种施工方案对室内装饰工程来说极为不利，并影响装饰效果，主要原因：1.室内装饰工程属于高级装饰，油漆采用高级清漆的居多，目的是为了突出木纹的本色，这些材料受污染或磨损后，不易清洗和修复。例如：胶合板受水泥浆、腻子或乳胶漆污染后难以清洗干净，再用清漆油漆后，会留下永久
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的污渍，影响美观。若先油漆后再处理墙面和地面，污染的油漆面清理之后又会影响油漆面的光亮度，同样影响美观效果。所以选择一个合理的施工顺序极为重要。
Traditional two installation need to be done with sometimes. However, these two kinds of construction schemes for interior decoration engineering is very bad, and affect adornment effect, main reasons: 1. The project belongs to the senior decoration, interior decoration paint used advanced lacquer, the purpose is to highlight the wood grain color and the material contamination or wear and tear, not easy to clean and repair. Such as: plywood by slurry, putty or emulsioni paint after pollution is difficult to clean, reoccupy after lacquer paint, permanent stains, affect beautiful. If after the paint first, then processed metope and ground, pollution of the paint surface after cleaning can affect the paint surface brightness, affect beautiful same effect. So choose a reasonable construction sequence is very important.
3.2 安全问题
3.2 security issues
实践显示，装饰工程施工过程中盲目追求美观性，忽略了使用的安全性，部分行为或者工序严重破坏了住宅的整体结构，对使用者的生命财产构成了威胁。住宅的整体架构承担着住宅本体的重量和其他方面的荷载，相当于认得骨架。而住宅内装饰难免对原有建筑结构进行相应的改造，涉及到墙面、地面与顶面钻孔和打眼开槽等工序，大则须拆墙或房间重组，门窗和吊顶重装等工序，这将极易导致钢筋构件被切断，从而影响住宅使用的安全。另外，劣质的装饰施工材料将在未来建筑试用过程中埋下巨大的安全隐患，如吊式安
http://www.sdwyql.com/ http://www.sdhatqzj.com/ http://www.sfqsy.cn/ 装的电器，选用劣质的吊码很容易导致吊码松掉从高空坠地[2]。
Practice shows that blindly pursuing beautiful sex decoration engineering construction process, ignore the use of security, part of the act or process severely damaged the overall structure of the house, to the user's life and property posed a threat. Overall architecture of the residence to residential ontology and other aspects of the weight of the load, equivalent to recognize skeleton. Decoration inside the housing hard to avoid the original building structure carries on the corresponding modification, involve metope, ground and the top surface punchs a hole drilling and grooving process, such as Great Wall or the room is required restructuring, doors and Windows and heavy working procedure such as condole top, it will easily lead to steel components have been cut, so as to affect the safety of residential use. In addition, inferior decoration construction materials will be in the future construction in the process of trial planted a big security hidden danger, such as hanging installation of electric equipment, choose inferior hanging code is easy to cause loose fell to the ground from the sky crane yards [2].
保护好住宅的整体结构和各个部件是住宅内装饰工程施工的基础和前提。根据住宅设计时整体结构的荷载力来安排装饰材料的总体重量，同时科学合理分布装饰材料的附重，尽量保持其在住宅整体结构上的平衡状态；保护好墙体、梁、板、柱子等构件，不能在住宅的承重墙和剪刀墙上同时打电缆槽和水管槽，也不能在梁柱板上同时打孔和凿洞，否则将降低梁板柱等构建的荷载力，破坏住宅使用的安全性。另外，对于高层住宅建筑而言，地面装饰层无论是用铺地砖还是花岗岩都不能太厚，影响整栋住宅试用的安全系数。材料的防火性能也要严加考虑，尽可能试用轻钢龙骨和石膏板等阻燃材料，同时，也应避免电线裸露产生电火花，引燃住宅内的装饰材料，引起火灾。因此，电器线路均应穿套管、接
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线盒、开关、槽吸顶灯及发热器件周围应用非燃材料做防火隔热处理。
Protect the whole structure of the residence and the parts are within the residential decoration engineering construction the basis and prerequisite. According to the overall structure of the residential design overall weight of the load force to arrange decorative materials, decorative materials and scientific and reasonable distribution of the heavy, try to keep the balance on residential whole structure; Protect wall, beam, plate, column and other components, not on the main wall and scissors wall of the housing type cable tank and water tank at the same time, also can't on Liang Zhuban punching and hole at the same time, otherwise it will reduce the load of beam column construction such as power, destroy the residential use of security. In addition, as for high-rise residential buildings, the ground adornment layer with tile and granite are not too thick, the safety factor of influence the whole house to try. Material fireproof performance also should strongly consider, as far as possible try flame retardant material such as light steel keel and gypsum board, at the same time, also bare wires should be avoided to produce electric spark, ignition residential decoration material, cause a fire. Electrical lines were, therefore, should wear casing, junction box, switch, groove around the dome light and heating device use noncombustible material do fireproof heat insulation processing.
3.3 污染问题
3.3 the problem of pollution
http://www.sdwyql.com/ http://www.sdhatqzj.com/ http://www.sfqsy.cn/ 装饰材料污染住宅内居住环境则成为当今住宅装饰的普遍问题，塑料、化纤、油漆、粘胶剂等装饰材料的试用为人们提供了巨大的方便，切成功满足了人们对住宅装饰美观性的要求，且严重影响了室内的空气质量，人们在这类刚刚装饰好的住宅内居住时间长了会产生恶心、头晕、喉咙发干等一系列不良反应，主要是因为材料散发出的有害的化学物质，使人感到不适。通常夏季室内空气污染更为严重，主要是由于夏季气温过高、气压低、湿度大，加上人们，房间内普遍使用空调，封闭较严实，造成室内空气换气率低。施工中一定要注意每天多开窗通风，条件允许，最好躲过夏季的有害气体释放期以后再入住。
Decoration materials within the residential living environment pollution becomes a common problem in today's residential decoration, plastic, chemical fiber, paint, adhesive, such as decoration materials trial provides great convenience for people, cut success meet requirements of people on residential decoration beautiful sex, and seriously affects the indoor air quality, people live in this kind of just decorated house and after a long time will produce nausea, dizziness, my throat is dry and a series of adverse reactions, mainly because materials emit harmful chemicals, make the person feels uncomfortable. Usually in the summer of indoor air pollution is more serious, mainly due to summer high temperature, low air pressure, humidity is big, and people generally use of air conditioning in the rooms, seal is sealed, cause indoor air ventilation rate is low. Construction must pay attention to in every day more than a window ventilated, possible, had better avoid the harmful gas of summer release period will check in later.
