(完整版)高中英语阅读训练习题及答案

A (words:311 &225)

The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the coun try. Before this time health care had to be paid for by in dividuals.

Nowadays cen tral gover nment is directly resp on sible for the NHS although it is admi nistered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by gen eral taxati on and the rest is met from the Nati onal In sura nce con tributi ons paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, preg nant wome n, pension ers, and those on In come Support, are exempt from payme nt. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GR or General Practitioner) who is in creas in gly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the com muni ty.

As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals —many of which were built in the nin etee nth cen tury — provide n early half a millio n beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Brita in actually spe nds less per pers on on health care tha n most of her Europea n n eighbours.

During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an in creased emphasis on man agerial efficie ncy and the privatizati on of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.

41. We can know from the first paragraph that _____________ .

A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didn ' t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C. patie nts were charged for receivi ng health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an orga ni zati on which gave free advice to villagers 42. What do we know about the NHS?

A. It ' s man aged by the cen tral gover nment.

B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.

D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they _________ .

A. take care of the local people

' s health

B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before 44. What does the underlined word

A. suffering

“ exempt ” probably mean?

D. free

B. different C. prevented

45. The biggest problem for the NHS is ____________ .

A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some services are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment

D. there is not enough money for further reform 【答案与解析】 41—45 CCBDD

国家保健中心由直接负责， 但由地方当局管理。 建立国家保健中心的最初目的 是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 41. Co细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，

建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农

村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。

42. C。细节理解题。根据第 4 自然段\"The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe …”可知。

从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由直接负责， A 项错误。

43. B。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段话\"

但由地方当局管理， 所以

and encouraging GPs to compete for patients ”可

知鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。 44. D。猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，

再结合but 一词可推

断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。

45. D。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知。

B

Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do ， and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the

laundry; food can be bought; cooked ， canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant ，the work ' s cante，eannd the school dining-room.

It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home ，and his children rarely ，if ever ，see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father and

so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money ，and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work ， but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual facto r in a child

's hom，ethliefenumber of married women in employment having more than ' s occu，pataionnd in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment

doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue ，but children lose something of great value if mother ' s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.

41. The writer mentions home as workshop because ____ . A. fathers often pursue employment at home

B. parents had to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-life C. many families produce goods at home for sale

D. both fathers and mothers and mothers in most families are workers

答案：B。细节理解题。 解析：从第一段可知。

42. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means ____ . A. in the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now

C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past

答案：A。推理判断题。解析：从第一句\"Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do ，and home become much less of a workshop. ” 和下文所述可知， 过去日

常生活所需大部分都由自己做， “家”就如 a workshop 一样。

43.The word “ accrue” in the sentence “ When mother...accrue , ” is closest in meaning

to

A. cha nge B. dwin dle C. double D. in crease

答案： D。词义猜测题。 解析：从\" When mother works, economic advantages accure. ” 可判断出。

44. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father 'ccupation is

A. that childre n no wadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do n ot like to pursue employme nt at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employme nt for childre n D. that childre n also like to have jobs outside

答案：C。推理判断题。 解析：由\"...in many tow ns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money... ”可知答案。 45. What makes father no Ion ger the only dominant pers on in a family?

A. With their earning ， mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There are many choice of employme nt for mothers and childre n. C. Father does much less for his childre n today tha n he used to.

D. The nu mber of married wome n in employme nt has in creased greatly now.

答案：A。细节理解题。 解析： 见第二段\"With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. ”。

C( words:190&203)

Artificial(彳假的)flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be dist in guished from n atural flowers .In making such models, pain stak ing and artistry are called for, as well as thorough kno wledge of pla nt structure. The collect ion of glass flowers in the Bota ni cal Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scie

ntific world. In all, there are several thousa nd models in colored glass, the work of two artist-n aturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph.

The inten ti on was to have the collect ion represe nt at least one member of each flower family n ative to the Un ited States. Although it was n ever completed. It contains more tha n seve n hun dred species representing 1 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models are kept in locked cases as they are too valuable and fragile for classroom use.

51. Which of the follow ing is the best title for the passage? A. An Exte nsive Collectio n of Glass Flowers B. The Lives of Leopold and Rudolph C. Flowers Native to the Uni ted States D. Material Used for Artificial Flowers

52. It can be inferred from the passage that the goal of Leopold and Rudolph was to

A. create a bota ni cal garde n where only exotic flowers grew B. do a thorough study of pla nt structure

C. make a copy of one member of each Un ited States flower family D. show that glass are more realistic tha n wax flowers 53. The underlined word

\"it ”

______ .

A. the inten ti on B. the collectio n C. one member D. each flower family

54. Which of the followi ng is NOT in cluded in the display at the Bota ni cal Museum of Harvard Uni versity?

A. Models of 1 families of floweri ng pla nts. B. Magni fied details of flower parts. C. Several species of n ative birds. D. A group of diseased fruits.

55. Which of the followi ng stateme nts is true of the flowers at Harvard Uni versity? A. They form a completed collecti on. B. They have a marvelous fragra nee.

C. They are loa ned to schools for classroom use. D. They use authe ntic represe ntati ons. 【答案与解析】 51 —55 ACBCD

51. A。细节理解题。短文说明了美国 the Botanical Museum of Harvard University 收藏玻璃花 的目的、收藏品的丰富、精致的细节等内容 作标题最合适。

52. C。推理判断题。根据第二段的 “ The inten ti on was to have the collect ion represe nt at least one member of each flower family native to the Un ited States. ” 可知收藏的目的是把美国所有的花 都复制一种。

53. B。推理判断题。根据它前后的内容 成,只能是收藏还没有完成。

54. C。细节理解题。信息来自第二段的内容 ,C项的内容在第二段中没有提及 容都有相关的说明。

55. D。推理判断题。根据第二段的\"

Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and

，所以用An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers

：目的是使收藏能代表美国的每一类花 ，尽管还没有完

，其他各项的内

structure.”可知这些玻璃花的每一个细节都制作得很精致

，都是真实的再现。

D（ words:163&195）

Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaura nt, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reas on able and the food was of good quality, but n obody seemed to want to eat there.

Then he did someth ing that cha nged all that, and in a few weeks his restaura nt is always full of men with their lady frien ds. When ever a gen tlema n came in with a lady, a smili ng waiter gave each of them a menu（ 菜单）,The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an importa nt differe nee in side. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine, while the menu that he gave to the lady supplied a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous（ 慷慨）than he really was.

41. Why did n ' t people come to the White Rose Restaura nt to eat at first?

A. Because the price was high. B. Because the food was too cheap. C. Because the food was not good.

D. The passage didn ' t mention.

42. Accord ing to the passage we can con clude that the people who eat at this restaura nt are

mostly ______________ .

A. poor old people B. rich young people

C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children

43. The difference between the two kinds of menu lie in ____________ .

A. the color B. the shape C. the price D. the food

44. According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant,

the food was paid ___________________________ . A. always by the ladies only B. always by the men only C. sometimes by the ladies

D. either by the men or by the ladies

45. According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, ___________.

A. men are more generous than women B. women are more generous than men C. men like their lady friends to be generous. D. women like their men friends to be generous

【答案与解析】 41—45 DCCBD

A 篇：本文主要讲述 : 尽管 White Rose 餐馆价钱合理，饭菜也好，但很少有人光顾， 店主为此想出了一条妙计，从此餐馆生意兴隆。

41. D。推理判断题。根据第一自然段可知原文没有说人们为什么不到餐馆就餐，所以 答案为 D。

42. C。细节理解题。根据第二自然段第 1 句 …his restaura nt is always full of men with their lady friends 可知答案为 C。

43. C。细节理解题。根据第二自然段

The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied

the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. While … the lady supplied a much higher price 可知答案为 C。

44. B。推理判断题。根据最后一句

So whe n the man calmly ordered dish after dish and

wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was 可推断出答 案为

A. poor old people B。

B. rich young people

45. D。推理判断题。根据原文可知侍者给男士的那个菜单价格合理，而给女士的那个

菜单价格却很高，但两种菜单表面上看却一样，这样女士就会认为她们的男友很大方，因 此餐馆的这种做法很受男士欢迎，由此可知女人们喜欢自己的男友大方。所以答案为

D。