2010年9月PETS3公共英语三级试题及答案

SECTION I Listening Comprehension 听力略( 25 minutes) SECTION II Use of English ( 15 minutes) Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the bestword or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET I.

Western-style conversations often developquite differently from Japanese-style conversations. A Western-styleconversation between two people is like a 26 of tennis. If Iintroduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you do 27 it back.If you agree with me, I don't expect you simply to agree andto 28 more. I expect you to add something to carry the ideafurther.29 I don't expect you always to agree. I am justas 30 if you completely disagree with me.31 you agree or

disagree,your 32 will return the ball to me. And then it is my turn 33. Idon't serve a new ball from my _ 34 starting line. I hit your ball backagain to you by 35 your idea further. And so the ball goes back andforth,36 each of us doing our best to give it a new twist.

A Japanese-style conversation,37, is not atall like tennis or volleyball. It's like bowling.You 38 for yourturn. And you always know your 39 in line. It depends on such thingsas whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relativestranger 40 the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, andso on. When your turn comes, you.41 up to the starting line with yourbowling ball, and 42 bowl it. Everyone else stands back and watchespolitely, whispering 43. Everyone waits until the ball has reached the endof the alley, and watches to see if it 44 down all the pins, or onlysome of them, or none of them. There is a pause, while every- one registersyour 45 26. A．play B．game C．round D． set 27. A．hit B．move C] throw

D． push

28. A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 29. A．Then B．So C．Instead D．But

30. A．anxious B．serious C．happy D．grateful 31. A．After B．Because C．Though D．Whether 32. A．response B．action C．operation D．service 33. A．also B．again C．too D．soon 34. A．actual B．new C．particular D．original 35. A．deepening B．carrying C J leading D．employing 36. A．with B．for C．before D．except

37. A．therefore B．moreover C．likewise D．however 38. A．wonder B．work C．wait D．watch 39. A．point B．place C．post D．pole 40. A．than B．beside C．to D．with 41. A．step B．climb C．stand D．catch

42. A．accurately B．carefully C．awkwardly D．courageously 43. A ]instruction B．satisfaction C．agreement D．encouragement 44. A．knocks B．pushes C．kicks D． puts 45. A．line B．work C．score D．outcome

SECTION 111 Reading Comprehension(40 minutes) Part A Directions:

Read the following three texts. Answer thequestions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET 1. Text 1

When Amber Post started graduate school inphysics at Princeton, her goal was the same as her male colleagues' : ateaching post at a major university. Now with her Ph.D. just a year away, Postis thinking instead about working for a policymaking agency in Washington.Although Princeton, with Shirley Tilghman as the president, is welcoming tofemale scientists, Post senses that her re- ception in the larger academicworld might be chillier. At famous universities, the percentage of women earningdoctor's degrees in science and engineering is considerably higher than thepercent- age of women professors--whi.ch means that a lot of talented women Ph.D. s like Post leave cam- pus for jobs in government or industry instead ofclimbing the teaching ladder. Stopping this female brain drain has been achallenge for years. At a recent academic confer- ence, Harvard presidentLawrence Summers suggested that women aren't succeeding because they lackability in math and science by nature. His comments drew immediate criticism.Indeed, scien- tists have uncovered some differences in male and female brains,but it's unclear how these differ- ences affect talent.

Summers proposed two other possible problemsfor women:the conflict between work and life, and absolute prejudice againstwomen( which he seemed to dismiss). Many women scientists blame these twoproblems for the lack of women professors. Junior teachers need to spend their20s and 30s on research and publication. Those are the same years when women havechildren. Time is an enemy for women in other professions, especially law andmedicine. But while women doctors and lawyers benefit from lots of successfulrole models, academic science continues to belong to men chiefly. \"Theatmosphere isn't compelling or welcoming, \"Post says. \"Too many of myfemale friends drop out of graduate programs simply because the environment isdisappointing, not because they can't handle the math. \"

Even against this background, there has beensome progress. More universities are pushing hard with stepped-up recruitmentefforts and trying hard to assist staff members with young families. Butultimately, the best remedy against prejudice would be more women on top,like Princeton's Tilghman.

46. Amber Post is thinking about a job ingovernment because __ A．it isthe usual goal of the Ph.D. students at Princeton B she is doubtful about her future inthe academic world

C．it isdifficult to get a teaching post at major universities D．shefears that she may not graduate with a Ph. D. degree

47. According to the text, the gap inpercentage between women Ph.D. s and women professors indicates that

A．universities lack competitiveness in the recruitment market B．a lotof women professors have chosen to leave universities C．few womenPh. D. s are qualified for the competitive campus D．universitiesare faced with the problem of female brain drain

48. According to the writer, Summers'comments on women's ability seem to be based on

A． hisown attitude towards women scientists B．hisrecent study on women's weaknesses C. the latest findings about human brains D.the conventional opinion about talents

49. We can infer that the most seriousproblem of women teachers is

A． theirconflict with male colleagues B． thetrouble in balancing work and life C．theircooperation with male colleagues D．thedifficulty in their career advancement

50. The best solution to the female braindrain in universities is to A. create more academic posts for women B． offerhelp to women with young children C．dismissthose with prejudice against women D. promote more women to leadershippositions Text 2

Recently in the Scottish Highlands,260theatergoers were led up a well-lit, pin-tree-lined con- crete path. Theirdestination? A vacant water plant. The large concrete space had the impersonalfeel of an army camp--exactly the atmosphere the producers of Black Watch hopedto reproduce. The play is based on the true story of a Highlands troop sentoverseas in 2004.

Essentially, site-specific theater refers toplays produced in places directly relevant to their ac- tion. At the MuseumHotel in Wellington, New Zealand, audiences filed into room 217 to watch a taleabout the various personalities who had occupied the room over time. \"Ithink people are tired of the same old plays in the same confines of space,\"says Paul McLaughlin, who produced Hotel.\"Drama happens all aroundus--at the bus stop, in a supermarket--so we attempted to show how people caninteract with the space that surrounds them. \"

To be sure, on-scene productions presenttheir own set of challenges. Producers of Black Watch had to scout aroundLondon for a location for when the show comes to the British capital. But formany audience members, leaving the comfort of their theater seats makes for amore meaningful experience. \"A lot of site-specific work challenges theway you look and think, \"says Nick Kaye, adrama professor at theUniversity of Exeter.

Site-specific shows can also satisfy thegrowing desire for individualized entertainment fueled by on-demand televisionand the Intemet. In Faust, which the London-based theater group Punch- drunkjust wrapped up, audience members got to pick what they wanted to see. Housedin an old five-story storehouse in east London, the play featured different settings.Audience members could choose to watch a scene and follow certain actors fromlocation to location. Felix Barrett, the direc- tor of Faust, says today'stheatergoers expect more than just the traditional audience-actor relation-ship. \"What I wanted to do was to create a piece where the audience cancarve out the night they want to have, and it stays with them. \"Creating astrong sense of place goes a long way toward a- chieving that. -

51. Recently,260 Scottish people went to adeserted water plant A．to toura newly-built military base B． towatch a play about military life C. to visit a military troop back home D. to attend a military trainingprogram

52. The essence of site-specific theaterlies in the idea that drama

A． shouldbe made as lifelike as possible B. should reflect people's feelings andideas C.should reveal what is going on in theworld D.should be acted by those related to thestory

53. Compared with the conventional form oftheater, on-scene theater to producers is less A．meaningful B．demanding C.convenient

D．interactive

54. In the play Faust, audience members can A．revisethe story in their own way B. talk freely to their favoriteactors

C．chooseto take part in the acting D.jump over uninteresting scenes

55. We learn from the text thatsite-specific drama is created to accommodate A. the change in what theatergoers expect ofa play

B．theatergoers'growing need for a sense of place C．thechange in the role modem drama is to play D．theatergoers' falling interest in entertainment Text 3

Forgive and forget. Most of us find theforgetting easier, but maybe we should work on the for- giving part.\"Holding on to hurts wears you down physically and emotionally, \"saysStanford Uni- versity psychologist Fred Luskin, author of Forgive for Good.\"Forgiving someone can be a powerful remedy. \"

In a recent study, Charlotte Van OyenWitvliet, assistant professor of psychology at Hope Col- lege in Holland,Michigan, and colleagues asked 71 volunteers to remember a past hurt. Tests re-corded sudden increases in blood pressure, heart rate and muscle tension--thesame responses that occur when people are beside themselves. Research haslinked temper and heart diseases. When the volunteers were asked to imagineforgiving those who'd wronged them, they remained calm by comparison.

What's more, forgiveness can be learned,insists Luskin, director of the Stanford Forgiveness Project. \"We teachpeople to rewrite their story in their minds, to change from victim to hero. Ifthe hurt is from a husband's or a wife's unfaithfulness, we might encouragethem to think of themselves not only as a person who was cheated on, but as theperson who tried to keep the marriage togeth- er. \"Two years ago Luskintested his method on five Northern Irish women whose sons had been murdered.After undergoing a week of forgiveness training, the women's sense of hurt,measured u- sing psychological tests, had fallen by more than half. They werealso much less likely to feel de- pressed and angry. \"Forgiving isn'tabout regarding what happened as harmless or acceptable, \"says Luskin.\"It is about breaking free of the person who wronged us. \" The early signs that forgiving improvesoverall health are promisings. A survey of 1,423 adults by the University ofMichigan's Institute for Social Research in 2001 found that people who hadforgiven someone in their past also reported being in better health than thosewho hadn't. However, while 75 per cent said they weresure God had forgiven them for past mistakes,

only52 per cent had been able tofind it in their hearts to forgive others. Forgiveness, it seems, is stilldivine.

56. In Luskin's opinion, people could enjoybetter health if they A．holdpast hurts back B．avoidthe wrongdoers C．becomeless emotional D．let offthose who hurt them

57. According to Luskin, to forgive anunfaithful husband, a wife needs to

A．urgeherself to see the hurt as nothing B．takemeasures in restoring the marriage C.persuade herself to put up with the hurt

D． seeherself as the guardian of the marriage 58. According to the text, to forgive means

A．to keepsilent when someone hurts you article B.to stop being angry with those who wrongedyou C．tothink of something tolerable that has happened D．toprevent yourself from doing wrong to your enemies 59. What does the last paragraphimply? A. Most mistakes are forgivable. B. It's really no easy task to forgive. C.It's part of human nature toforgive. D．Fewpeople can truly forgive others. 60. The best title of the text mightbe A．TheResearch on Forgiveness B．TheDifficulty in Forgiveness C．ThePromotion of Forgiveness D. The Healing Power of Forgiveness Part B

Directions:

Read the texts from a magazine article whichdescribes the celebration of the New Year in five places. For questions 61 to65, match the name of each place (61 to 65) to one of the statements ( A to G )given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Edinburgh, Scotland

Edinburgh is the home of Hogmanay, a grandlyexciting four-day celebration that welcomes the New Year with fire, music,parades and then some more fire. The party starts on Dec.29 with a15,000-strongsong-filled candlelight procession and fire festival through Edinburgh and endswith the symbolic burning of a Viking ship. Days of parades, concerts, dograces and fireworks follow.

Reykjavik, Iceland

On New Year's Eve, Icelanders in Reykjavikgather around dozens of massive fires in the open to sing traditional folksongs accompanied, according to local legend, by imaginary human-like creaturesin folk tales. At midnight the city explodes in a massive fireworks display.The dancing and partying that follow last until the sun comes up, which inIceland is at about lunchtime on Jan.1. Kahuitara Point, Chatham Islands

If you want to experience New Year with theearly birds, the South Pole is the place to be. On any Jan.1, the sun sitsabove the horizon the whole day across most of the South Pole. For a slight- lymore comfortable holiday vacation, head to the Chatham Islands. Kahuitara Pointon Pitt Island in this Pacific Ocean chain is the first populated place on theplanet to see the sun rise. Bangkok, Thailand

In Thailand you have three chances to ringin the New Year. On Dec.31, Western New Year's Eve is celebrated with parties,concerts and fireworks. A few weeks later, the country stages mas- sivecelebrations in honor of Chinese New Year. Finally, on April 13, Thailandcelebrates the first day of the traditional Thai calendar with Songkran, athree-day festival marked by parades, feasts and waterthrowing.

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

New Year's Eve is one of Rio de Janeiro'smost important holidays. Expensive beachfront celebrations unfold alongCopacabana, attracting some 2 million participants. Live music ranging fromsamba to rock explodes along the beach. New Year's Eve is also a day to honorthe goddess of sea with conventional offerings packed in small wooden boats.Tradition holds that if the goddess is pleased with a boat's offering, she willcarry the boat out to sea and give the bearer blessings. If not, it's a greatparty.

Now match the name of each place (61 to65)to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements

61. Edinburgh, Scotland 62. Reykjavik, Iceland

63. Kahuitara Point, Chatham Islands . Bangkok, Thailand 65. RiO de Janeiro, Brazil

A． New Year's celebrations will go on four days on end. B．People here are the first to greet the New Year's sun. C．Concerts are held on New Year's Eve forcelebration.

D．A midnight fireworks display is an important part of the celebration. E．People send New Year's greeting cards and gifts to each other. F．Peoplespend New Year's Eve on the beach singing and dancing. G．NewYear is ~elebrated three times according to different calendars.

SECTION IV Writing (40 minutes) Directions:

You should write your responses to both PartA and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2. Part A

66. You received an email from your friendJohn, in which he asked whether you could work

as a volunteer on a weekend program to helpthe aged people who live alone. Write

back to your friend,

1 )expressing your willingness toparticipate; 2) asking about what preparations to bemade; 3 )confirming the time and location for thework.

You should write about 100 words. Do notsign your own name at the end of your email.

Use\" Wang Lin\" instead. Part B

67. Look at the picture below and write anessay of about 120 Words, making reference to the following points: 1) a description of the picture; 2) your comment on this picture.

参及精析

第一部分听力1一25略 第二部分英语知识运用 参考译文

西式的交谈和日式的交谈非常不同。

两个人之间西式的谈话，就像网球的回合。如果我开始一个话题，就好比发一个球，我希望你能把球回击给我。．如果你同意我的观点，我不希望你仅仅是同意，不再讨论更多东西；而是希望你能讨论更多关于这方面的内容。但是我也不希望你总是同意我的看法，如果你完全反对我的观点，我也非常高兴。无论你是否同意我的看法，你的回应就是把球回击给我，然后又轮到我回球。我不会从我最先的话题开始讨论，我会进一步顺着你的话题继续下去。这样，我们的讨论就像球一样在两人之间来回，每个人都可以试着去开始新的话题。 然而，日式的讨论既不像是网球也不像是排球，倒像是保龄球。你得等待你的回合，而

且你要很清楚自己的站位。这个站位取决于你是年老还是年轻，和上一个谈话者是亲密的朋友还是陌生人，级别是高还是低等。轮到你的时候，你要带着球走到发球线，然后谨慎地发球。其他的人站在后面，礼貌地观看，并小声地讨论着说明。每个人都等着球到达球道的尽头，看看球是否击倒了所有的球瓶，还是击倒了一部分，或者是一个也没击倒。然后暂停，每个人给你打分。

26．C【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。play和game都是游戏的意思，set意为“一套”，此处意为网球的一回合，round是回合的意思，故选C。

27．A【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。move移动； throw扔；push推；hit打击。此处意为把球回击给我，故选A。

28．c【精析】本题考查语义辨析。这里是说我不希望你仅仅是同意，就不再说了，因此只有“noth—in9”符合题意，故选C。

29．D【精析】本题考查的是上下文语义的衔接。根据上下文可知，此处要表达的意思是转折，其他选项均不合题意，故选D。

30．c【精析】本题考查的是形容词词义辨析。由上句可知，“我也不希望你总是同意我的看法”，所以“如果你完全反对我的观点”，我也是很高兴的，而不会是不安或者是严肃的，文中也没提到感谢，故选C。

31．D【精析】本题考查固定搭配。whether…or…意为“不管…还是…，或是…或是…”，符合文意， 意为“无论你是否同意我的看法”，其他三项都不符合这个意思，故选D。 32．A【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。此处是说无论你同意还是不同意，你都要给我回应，action行动；operation操作；service服务，都不符合文中的意思，故选A。 33．B【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。由第二段可知，如果我开始一个话题，就好比发一个球，你的回应就是把球回击给我。由此可推知，此处是说又轮到我回球。again正是此意， als0是“也”的意思，t00是“还是、也是”的意思，soon是“不久”的意思，都不符句意。故选B。

34．D【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。actual真正的；new新的；particular某个；original最先的、最初的。由前文可知，话题是由我发起的，由此可推知此处是说不会从我最先的那个话题说，故选D。

35．A【精析】这里考查动词词义辨析。deepen加深； carry搬运；lead指引；employ有采用的意思。综观四个选项，只有A符合文中的意思，故选A。

36．A【精析】本题考查介词词义辨析。四个选项中， 只有with表示伴随，故选A。 37．D【精析】本题考查上下文语义的衔接。前文说西式的谈话像网球，此处说日式的谈话既不像网球也不像排球，由此可知此处需要的词表示转折，四个选项中，只有D符合题意，故选D。

38．C【精析】本题考查固定用法。waitfor表示等待，根据保龄球规则也知道是一个人打球，另一个人等着，故选C。

39．B【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。这里是说在队伍中的位置，而不是点(point)，所以四个选项中，只有B最恰当，故选8。

40．C【精析】本题考查介词词义辨析。这里是说对于上一个谈话者来说，所以用t0，而不用其他的介词，故选C。

41．A【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。本句意思为走到发球线前面，用step表示一步一步过去，climb是爬，stand是站起来，都不符合文意。此外根据保龄球常识可知需一步一步走到发球线前面，而不是直接站在线前。故选A。

42．B【精析】本题考查副词词义辨析。accurately精确地；carefully仔细谨慎地；awkwardly笨拙地；courageously有勇气地。打保龄球不会是很准确地，更不能是笨拙地或者是有勇气地，只能是很仔细谨慎地发球，故选B。

43．A【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。instruction说明；satisfaction满意；agreement同意；encouragement勇气。一个人在打球的时候别人只能 f是在旁边悄悄地讨论该怎么出球这样的说明，故选A。

44．C【精析1本题考查动词词义辨析。knock敲；push推；kick踢；put放。根据常识，球应该是踢倒球瓶，只有kick符合意思。故选C。

45．C【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。line线；work工作；score分数；outcome表现。打完球之后大家会给分数，故选C。 第三部分阅读理解 Part A Text1

参考译文 当初安伯·普斯特进入普林斯顿大学攻读物理学硕士学位时，她的目标和她的男同学们是一样的，就是要在一所重点大学里教书。而今普斯特取得博士学位也有一年了，她转而考虑为华盛顿一家决策机构工作。虽然以雪莉·蒂格曼为校长的普林斯顿大学很欢迎女性科学家，但是普斯特认为在更大的学术领域她不会受欢迎。在著名的大学里，女性在自然科学和工程学获得博士学位的比例明显高于女教授的比例——也就是说，非常多的像普斯特一样优秀的女性博士会离开校园放弃教书的工作，转向或工业领域。 阻止女性人才外流已经是很多年来一项艰巨的任务。在最近一次学术会议上，哈佛大学校长劳伦斯·萨默斯认为女性不继续在学术领域工作是因为她们天生就在数学和自然科学方面缺乏能力。很快他的言论就受到了批评。确实，科学家发现了男性与女性大脑的一些不同，但是这些区别如何影响智力还不清楚。

萨默斯还提出了其他两个女性可能面临的问题：工作和生活的冲突，以及对女性的绝对歧视(他似乎要解雇女性)。很多女性科学家也认为这是缺少女性教授的原因。年轻的教师需要在她们20多岁和30多岁的时候来做研究和发表论文，而这也正是女性生育子女的年龄。在其他领域，尤其是法律和医学领域，时间也是女性的敌人，但是还是有很多成功的女性医生和女性律师，而学术科学领域主要还是属于男性。“这种氛围是不引人注目或受欢迎的，”普斯特说到，“我身边很多的女性朋友放弃毕业后的计划仅仅是因为这个环境很令人失望。而不是因为她们不能处理数学问题。” 但即使在这样的背景下，还是取得了一些进步。越来越多的高校正在努力加速招募工作，也在努力帮助有家庭的年轻教师。但是，最终抗衡性别歧视最好的办法就是有更多地位高的女性，比如普林斯顿大学的蒂格曼。 46．B【精析】细节题。文章第一段第三旬提到“Post senses that her reception in the larger

academicworld might bechillier．”由此可知，她自认为在更大的学术领域会受到冷遇，即她担心自己在学术领域的未来。故选8。

47．D【精析】细节题。文章第二段第一句话就指出“阻止女性人才外流已经是很多年来一项艰巨的任务”，而从第一段可以看出，在高校中虽然优秀的女博士很多，但是她们不愿意继续在学校中教书，而是会转向别的领域，而第二段第一句话就对这种现象进行了总结：人才外流。故选D。

48．A【精析】推断题。从文章中可以看出，萨默斯关于女性智力的论断是基于自己的看法，并没有说到他自己的研究，也没有说最近的研究和这个有关系，故选A。

49．A【精析】推断题。从第三段可以看出，虽然女性在法律和医学等领域很成功，但是最后的学术领域还是属于男性的，由此可推知，对于女教

师而言，最严重的问题是对她们的歧视，即与男同事之间的冲突，故选A。

50．D【精析】细节题。文章最后一段最后提到最好 的抗衡性别歧视的办法就是有更多地位高的女性，故选D。 Texl 2

参考译文

近日在苏格兰高地，260位戏剧爱好者抢先走到一条灯光很亮、两旁松柏成行的混凝土小路上。他们的目的地是哪儿?一个空的水电站。这个巨大的混凝土场地给人一种军营的感觉——正是《苏格兰高地警卫团》的制作者们希望营造的那种氛围。该剧是根据2004年被派遣海外的苏格兰高地的真实故事改编的。 就本质而言，定向话剧是指在和人物的活动直接相关的地方制作话剧。在新西兰惠灵顿的博物馆宾馆里，观众排成纵队进入217房问观看一个关于住过这个房间的不同的人的故事。，“我觉得A-(f]厌倦了在相同的受限的场地演出的相同的话剧，”制作《饭店》的保罗·麦克拉芬说到，“话剧发生在我们的周围，在公车站，在超市——我们试着去展示人们是怎样和周围的环境互动的。”

肯定地，在现场制作的作品也有自己的挑战。《苏格兰高地警卫团》的制作者们找遍了伦敦，就为一个话剧在英格兰首都上演的场地。但是对于观众来说，离开舒适的剧院座位是一种更有意义的经历。“许多定向话剧挑战了你看问题和思考的方式，”埃克赛特大学的话剧教授尼克·凯耶说道。

定向话剧还可以满足日益增长的由电视和网络激发的个性化的娱乐要求。在《浮士德》中，伦敦剧场团队Punchdrunk刚完成工作，观众就看到了他们想看的东西。在伦敦东部一个古老的5层仓库里，该剧表现了不同的布置。观众可以选择观看一个场景，跟着演员从一个地方到另一个地方。《浮士德》的导演菲力克斯·巴雷特说，当今的话剧爱好者们期望的不仅仅是传统的观众一演员的关系，“我想做的就是制造一个场景，在那儿观众可以自己随意雕刻他们的夜晚。”这种强烈的场地感觉还需要走很长的路才能实现。

51．B【精析】推断题。文章第一段就说苏格兰260位戏剧爱好者去一部关于的话剧的演出现场，由此可推知，他们是去观看此剧的。故选B。

52．c【精析】细节题。文章第二段第一句就解释了“site-specific theater”的意思，从第二段的描述也可以看出，这种剧的核心就是要向人们展示人和周围环境是怎样互动的，人们的身边正在发生着什么。故选c。

53．c【精析】推断题。由文章整体可以看出，观众在看定向话剧时，需要离开舒适的剧院座位，去话剧现场观看，而且需要与演员进行互动，所以由此可推知，和传统话剧相比，定向话剧制作起来会有些复杂，故选C。

54．D【精析】推断题。从文章第四段可知，观众可以选择任何一个场景观看，还可以跟着演员换位置，由此可以推断出观众可以随意观看，并可以跳过自己不喜欢的场景，故选

D。

55．B【精析】推断题。文章最后一段说现在的话剧爱好者们期望的不仅仅是传统的观众一演员的关系，更是一种场地感觉，故选B。 Text 3

参考译文

原谅和遗忘。我们大多数人觉得遗忘更容易一点，但是也许我们应该致力于原谅阶段。“抓住伤害不放会使你身心疲惫，”斯坦福大学的心理学家弗莱德·拉斯科金说，他也是《为善原谅》的作者。“原谅某人是很有力的治疗。”

在日前一项研究中，位于密歇根州Holland的Hope大学的心理学助教夏洛特·范·戴恩·维特弗里特和同事们访问了71个试验者，让他们回忆过去的一个伤害。实验显示他们的血压会迅速升高，心率和肌肉会紧张——这和人们在他们身边时的反应一样。研究认为脾气和心脏疾病有关联。当试验者被要求想象去原谅那些伤害过他们的人时，他们会相对冷静下来。斯坦福原谅项目的指导者拉斯科金坚持认为原谅是可以学习的。“我们教人们在脑中重写他们的故事，教他们使自己从受害者转成为英雄。如果伤害来自丈夫或妻子的不忠诚，我们鼓励他们去想他们不仅是一个被欺骗的人，也是一个努力维持婚姻的人。”两年前拉斯科金在5个北爱尔兰女性身上试验了这个方法，这些女性的儿子都被谋杀了。在两周的原谅训练之后，通过心理学测验，这些女性受伤害的感觉下降了一多半。她们沮丧和愤怒的感觉也少了很多。“原谅不是认为发生的事是无害的或是可以接受的，而是从伤害我们的人中解脱出来，”拉斯科金说道。

原谅可以改善人整体的健康，这一点越来越明显：2001年，一项密歇根大学对l423名成人所做的社会研究发现，过去原谅了别人的人比不原谅的人身体要好。 然而，75%的人说相信上帝原谅了他们过去的错误，只有52％的人发现他们在心中原谅了别人。原谅看起来还是很神圣的。

56．D【精析】细节题。由第一段最后一句话可知，原谅是很有力的治疗，所以宽恕伤害自己的人能使身体更健康，故选D。

57．D【精析】细节题。由第三段可以看出，如果伤害来自丈夫或妻子的不忠诚，拉斯科金就会鼓励他们去想他们不仅是一个受欺骗的人，也是一个努力维持婚姻的人，即保卫婚姻的人。故选D。

58．B【精析】推断题。第三段说到“原谅不是认为发 生的事是无害的或是可以接受的，而是从伤害我们的人中解脱出来”，四个选项中只有B符合条件。故选8。

59．B【精析】推断题。最后一段说75％的人相信上帝宽恕了他们，而只有52%的人在心中真正做到了原谅，说明做到宽恕不容易。故选B。D选项用了few people，意为“很少有人”，和本文观点不符。

60．D【精析】主旨题。从整篇文章可以看出，本文想 要表现的是宽恕的治愈力量。故选D。 Part B 参考译文

下面是关于5个地方庆祝新年的描述。苏格兰。爱丁堡爱丁堡是苏格兰大年夜的欢聚之所，有4天盛大的欢迎新年的庆祝活动，烟火、音乐、，接着又是烟火。宴会在12月29日举行，有15000人的伴随着音乐、烛光和烟花的队伍通过爱丁堡，以象征性的燃烧着的海盗船结束。之后每天是、音乐会、赛狗和烟火。 冰岛，雷克雅维克 在除夕夜，雷克雅维克的冰岛居民会像当地传说中类似人类的生物那样，在空地燃放无数的烟火，并唱着传统民歌。在午夜，城市有盛大的烟火表演。之后是跳舞和宴会直到太阳

升起，那时冰岛大约是一月一日的午饭时分。 查塔姆群岛，Kahuitara Point

如果你想和早起的鸟儿一起欢度新年，可以去南极。在任何一个一月一日，南极大部分地方一整天太阳都在海平面以上。如果想要舒适的假期，就去查塔姆群岛吧。在太平洋上的Pitt岛上的Kahuitara是地球上最先看到日出的人类聚居地。 泰国，曼谷

在泰国你有三次过新年的机会。在l2月31日，会举行宴会、音乐会和烟火晚会来庆祝西方的除夕

夜。几个星期之后会举行盛大的活动来庆祝中国的新年。最后，在4月13日，泰国会庆祝自己传统的松克兰新年，庆祝活动将持续三天，有、宴会和泼水活动。 巴西，里约热内卢

除夕是里约热内卢的重要节日之一。盛大的庆祝活动在科巴卡巴娜的海滩举行，将吸引200多万的参与者。从桑巴舞曲到摇滚乐，现场音乐在海滩沸腾着。除夕夜是纪念海神的日子，有用小木船给海神献礼的传统。根据传统，如果海神对礼物很满意，她将把船带出海，并给人们予保佑。如果不满意，这也是个很不错的晚会。

61．A【精析】主旨题。苏格兰会举行4天欢迎新年的庆祝活动，这与A项“新年的庆祝将持续4天”表示的意思相同，故选A。

62．D【精析】主旨题。雷克雅维克在除夕午夜，会举行盛大的烟火表演，这与D项“午夜的烟火表演是庆祝活动中很重要的一部分”表示的意思相同，故选D。

63．B【精析】主旨题。文中说Kahuitara是地球上最先看到日出的人类聚居地，这与“这里的人们最先看到新年的太阳”表示的意思相同，故选B。

．G【精析】主旨题。泰国会庆祝三次新年：西方的除夕夜、中国的新年、泰国自己的松克兰新年，这与G项“由于日历不同，新年被庆祝三次”表示的意思相同，故选G。 65．F【精析】主旨题。里约热内卢盛大的庆祝新年的活动是在沙滩举行的，这与F项“人们在沙滩上唱歌、跳舞，庆祝除夕”表示的意思相同，故选F。 第四部分 写作 Part A

66．【高分范文】Dear John,

Thank you very much for asking me! As weall know, the aged people who live alone are in need of our help, and I' mquite willing and happy to help them as a volunteer. I quite appreciate your kindnessand it must be a great pleasure to participate in this volunteer work.

I am also writing to ask about the detailedthings for the work. I need to make sure about the necessary things I shouldget prepared so I can make preparations ahead of time. Besides, would youplease tell me the exact time and location of the work? Thank you again for asking me toparticipate. I am looking forward to your further reply. Yours sincerely, Wang Lin

【写作点金】本文属应用文文体，是对朋友邀请函的回复函。首先应该注意回复函的格

式。其次要注意正文部分的写作层次：文章的开头就要说明写信人对对方的感谢之情并明确说明接受邀请，然后要弄清楚需要从邀请者那里获得的更多的信息，语言要诚恳，尽量使用简短的句式把意思表达清楚。最后要注意再次感谢收信人的邀请，并表明希望尽早得到回复。 【高频词句】

a great pleasure to do sth．很高兴做某事makesure about sth．确认／证实某事 get prepared做准备 ahead of time提前 I amlooking forward to your further reply．期待你的进一步回复! Part B

67．【高分范文】 Love our mothers

From the picture, we can see it is Mother's Day and a woman is answering a phone call from her children. On the phone,her children say \"Mom, prepare some delicious food, and we' re going backto celebrate Mother' s Day for you tonight!\"

It is Mother' s Day and it is a day for ourmothers. But it seems that it' s a holiday for the children and mothers have toprepare the dinner for the children. This reflects a true phenomenon aboutChinese mothers and children. We should care more about our mothers. Ourmothers sacrifice a lot for us children, and they dedicate their lives to us,so we should care about them and pre- pare a celebration for them instead ofasking them to pre- pare food for us on Mother' s Day. Besides, not only onMother' s Day, but every day we should concern for our mothers and take theresponsibilities for ourselves and do things by ourselves in order to sharemothers' burden. If we can do these, our mothers will not be so toilsome andthey will be more happy.

【写作点金】这是一篇看图作文。首先，要明确题目的要求：既要描述图片的内容又要给出自己的看法。其次，在描述图片中的情景时，要抓住要点，精确描写问题现状。另外在陈述自己看法时，要注意分点列出，有条理，有说服力。 【高频词句】 care about关心

sacrifice…for sb.为某人牺牲／献出… instead of而不是