国家公共英语(四级)笔试模拟试卷216(题后含答案及解析)

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷216 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Use of English 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Writing

Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfe

PART ADirections: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.

听力原文：You will hear an announcement about a visit to the City Zoo given by a tourist guide. Listen and complete the sentens in questions 1—5 with the information you’ve heard. Write not more than 3 words in each numbereb box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.(Pause 00’25”)(Tone) W: Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention please. On behalf of the Hospitality Department, may I first of all welcome you to the City Zoo. Now I’d like to explain the program we’ve arranged for you here this afternoon. There’ll be three animal shows. The first show will begin at three o’clock in the marine arena. And you’ll certainly be fascinated by the dolphins’and the killer whales’ funny—and sometimes silly—actions. After that comes the second show. This is feeding the monkeys and apes at four o’clock, in the primate center. Please don’t feed the animals with any sweets, or biscuits, or fruit you may have brought with you, because these can upset the animals’ normal diet. You can, of course, assist the staff in feeding the apes and monkeys with specially prepared food, and in playing with the monkeys, too. The last show will begin at 4:30 in the giant bird cage. Dr. Smith will be with you as your guide, he’ll point out to you more than 300 species of birds from Central America and South America. If you have any questions about these shows or other forthcoming events at the zoo, please ask the people at the information desk at the main entrance. They’ll be very happy to help you. I hope you’ll enjoy your visit. Thank you.

1． The speaker makes an announcement about the afternoon_______

正确答案：(visit/tour) program (me) (s)/arrangement (s)/(animal) show times/(animal) shows/animals show/show (for visitors)/tour/visit/zoo tour

2． The first show will begin in the marine arena at_______

正确答案：3 o’clock/three o’clock/3/three/3:00 p.m.

3． If visitors provide food for the animals, this may upset the animals’_______

正确答案：(normal) diet/appetite/eating habit/regular diet

4． A tour to the giant bird cage will be guided by_______

正确答案：Dr. /Mr. /Doctor Smith

5． If people have any inquiries, they can go to the information desk at_______

正确答案：the mian entrance/ the main entry/the main gate

PART BDirections: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.

听力原文： It’s the most romantic day of the year, but for many people the cards they receive on February 14 are not from a Valentine, but from themselves. One in nine love missives received on Valentine’s Day were sent by people to themselves “to save face on the dreaded V-day,” according to a survey released by online retailer amazon. co. uk. Amazon, which questioned more than 1,000 people in Britain, France and Germany, also found one in three cards was received by a parent and one person in 10 admitted to stealing a card from a sibling or housemate. Amazon said Germans were the least romantic, with 69 percent saying Valentine’s Day was unimportant, compared to 54 percent of Britons and 46 percent of French. Germans were also the most likely to forget to give their partners a present while the French spent the most on their loved ones. One in three French lovers splashed out between $ 42 and $ 84 on a gift, and 11 percent spent more than $ 84. The most common romantic gift in Britain and Germany was flowers. The French were more likely to opt for a romantic dinner.

6．

正确答案：2013-1-9

解析：2月14日是最浪漫的一天，令人匪夷所思的是还有人自己给自己寄贺卡。短文第二句就告知“one in nine love missives received on…”也就是说有1／9的人给自己寄卡，目的就是为了保全面子。

7．

正确答案：to save face

解析：第6、7题的答案都出自同一个句子，所以听时要特别注意。

8．

正确答案：steal from others 解析：还有一些人不用寄卡片以保全面子，干脆去兄弟姐妹或室友处偷卡片，由于答案不能超出三个字，所以用others替代具体人物。

9．

正确答案：German 解析：亚马逊网站的调查结果显示德国人最不浪漫，只要听清楚三个比较的百分数就行。

10．

正确答案：a romantic dinner

解析：最后一题的答案在最后一段，英国、德国的普遍礼物是鲜花，而法国人则喜欢浪漫的晚餐。

PART CDirections: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文：Questions 11 — 13 are based on a report about the post-graduation lives of those well-educated young eastern Germans. For many well-educated young eastern Germans like Susanne Kophal, who was born, raised and educated in Rostock, a lovely city on the Baltic Sea, there is a familiar story about the moment in their post-graduation lives that they decided to leave. “I’ll always have the wish to return to my hometown,” said Ms. Kophal, 26, who grad-uated from the University of Rostock last year with a political science degree. “The people are friendly. In the summer you can take off for lunch, go swimming in the ocean and be back at work within an hour. But there are precious few professional jobs here and little hope of building a career. “And so, Ms. Kophal and every one of her college friends: a doctor, a biologist and a physicist among them, left Rostock for brighter prospects elsewhere in Germany or for a career abroad, probably for good. “I see myself as an economic refugee,” Ms. Kophal said in an interview at her office in Berlin, where she found a position as a magazine production manager now. In Rostock, where unemployment stands at 18 percent, almost double the national average, “there’s no chance to earn a decent living,” she said. “The only alternatives are the two classic examples: becoming a taxi driver or working at McDonald’s. “

11． What major did Ms. Kophal got when she graduated from the University of Rostock last year?

A．Medical science

B．Political science C．Biology

D．Production management

正确答案：B 解析：问题是：“Ms．Kophal去年从Rostock大学毕业时的专业是什么?”，正确答案是“政治学”。其依据是“Ms．Kophal，26，who graduated from the University of Rostock lastyear with a political science degree．”。虽然其他三个选项都在文中出现过，但指的都是其他事情。

12． What is the national average percent of unemployment? A．9 percent B．12 percent C．16 percent D．18 percent

正确答案：A 解析：问题是：“全国平均失业率是多少?”，正确答案是“9％”，．其依据是“In Rostock，where unemployment stands at 18 percent，almost double the national average”：，关键是“double”一词表示“双倍于”。

13． What are the two classic jobs that people will take in Rostock, besides working at McDonald’s?

A．Becoming a physicist

B．Becoming a school teacher C．Becoming a taxi driver

D．Becoming a magazine production manager

正确答案：C 解析：问题是：“在Rostock，除了去麦当劳，人们通常会做的另一种工作是什么?”，正确答案是“开出租汽车”。其依据是“The only alternatives are the two classic examples：becoming a taxi driver or working at McDonald’s．”虽然其他三个选项都在文中出现过，但指的都是其他事情，不要混淆。

听力原文： M: Next time you bring your kids in for a checkup, don’t be surprised if the doctor asks about their tastes in entertainment. The American Academy of Medicine suggested last week that- doctors work with parents to evaluate how much TV kids watch and what they see, what video and computer games they play, which websites they visit on the Internet, whether they view R-rated videos without the company of their parents, what music they like and what books they read. Doctors are worried that kids who spend too much time in front of the tube don’t get enough exercise and can become overweight. The academy is also concerned that the messages kids get from entertainment media can make them more violent and sexually active. The academy recommends that children under age two not watch

any TV. “Children need activities to stimulate the brain during the first two years of life,” says Dr. Miriam Baron, who chairs the academy’s committee on public education. “They need feedback and socialization. “ Older children, she says, should watch TV in a common area. Their bedrooms should be “electronic media-free” zones where they can have a quiet place to read, study, play or just relax.

14． What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?

A．How much exercise they get every day. B．What they are most worried about.

C．How long their parents accompany them daily. D．What entertainment they are interested in.

正确答案：D 解析：此篇短文谈论电视对孩子成长的负面影响。这类文章在听力考试中已经出现多次了，所以比较利于考生抓住主题思想。通过阅读三道题目及其选项，可以判断主要内容与entertainment和kid有关。这一题的线索在第一句。

15． The academy suggests that children under age two______. A．get enough entertainment B．have more activities C．receive early education D．have regular checkups

正确答案：B 解析：专家认为两岁以下的孩子不能看任何电视，他们应该有更多的活动来锻炼脑子。因此答案是B。

16． According to the report, children’s bedrooms should______. A．be no place for play B．be near a common area C．have no TV sets

D．have a computer for study

正确答案：C

解析：这一题是常识题，可以根据排除法来判断正确答案。当然，只要理解文章的主要意思，就能明确判断孩子的房间要远离电视。

听力原文：Questions 17—20 are based on a report about high style cameras. With its 2x optical zoom lens, 3. 2 megapixels and the size of a credit card, the Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera, introduced in September, 2002, might strike some as a marvel. But the company is betting that its new target market of young white-collar women, who have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras, will love the tiny wonder for its look. Inspired by companies like Nokia, which early on

emphasized design in an effort to sell cellphones to the increasingly style-conscious public, camera makers, too, are now promoting their products as fashion accessories. Canon is among a growing number of manufacturers playing up not only the latest in fancy technology but also what marketers call the “cool factor,” a combination of high-tech features and streamlined, compact design. In its print and television ad campaigns, the Canon PowerShot dangles from a clothes hanger. “Stainless steel goes with everything,” the copy reads. Casio, the maker of the Ex-ilim, has taken a similar style. Its print ads show a photo of a fashionable young woman in jeans, her compact digital protruding from her hip pocket over the slogan “No visible camera lines. “ Now that digital technology is no longer a novelty, Sony is also seeking a new group of consumers, mostly women in their 20’s and early 30’s. And the latest of Sony’s print ads features a shapely blonde sheathed in a clingy black dress, an ATM-card-size CyberShot U suspended like a necklace. “It looks like cool jewelry, and that’s the point,” Jim Malcolm, Sony’s senior marketing manager for digital cameras, said.

17． What is Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera’s size? A．Similar to a credit card B．Similar to a necklace C．Similar to a cigarette box D．Similar to a dressing case

正确答案：A 解析：问题是：“Canon Digital PowerShot s230照相机的大小如何?”，正确答案是“类似于一张信用卡”，其依据是“with its 2x optical zoom lens，3．2 megapixel and the size of acredit card，the Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera…”。

18． What are the target consumers of Digital PowerShot s230 camera? A．Young white-collar men

B．Middle-aged white-collar men C．Young white-collar women

D．Middle-aged white-collar women

正确答案：C 解析：问题是：“Canon Digital PowerShot s230照相机的目标消费者是谁?”，正确答案是“年轻的白领女性”，其依据是“…its new target market of young white—collar women，who have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras，will love the tiny wonder forits look．”。关键是“target”一词，表示“目标”。

19． There is an ad that shows a photo of a fashionable blonde sheathed in a clingy black dress, an ATM-card-size camera suspended like a necklace. Which Company takes this ad?

A．Canon B．Sony C．Nokia

D．Casio

正确答案：B 解析：问题是：“有一则广告，是一个穿紧身黑衣的金发女郎的照片。一个只有信用卡大小的照相机像项链一样挂在她的脖子上。是哪家公司采用了这个广告?”，正确答案是“ sony”，其依据是“And the latest of Sony’s print ads features a fashionable blonde sheathedin a clingy black dress，an ATM—card—size camera suspended like a necklace．”在此文中，出现了很多为人们所熟悉的品牌，例如：Canon，Sony，Nokia，Casio等等，需要考生加以辨析。

20． According to the report, which of the following sentences is NOT true? A．Now manufacturers are seeking a combination of high-tech features and “cool” design

B．Those young white-collar women have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras

C．Digital technology is still a novelty nowadays.

D．The Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera is introduced in September, 2002.

正确答案：C 解析：问题是：“根据报道，以下哪个句子是不正确的?”，正确答案是“数字技术仍旧是一个新鲜事物”，其依据是“Now that digital technology is no longer a novelty，Sony is alsoseeking a new group of consumers，mostly women in their 20’s and early 30’s．”。要注意问题是“哪个句子是不正确的”，可以采取排除法进行判断。

Section II Use of English (15 minutes)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

On April 20, 2000, in Accra, Ghana, the leaders of six West African countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CFA franc countries of the re-gion by January 2003, as first step toward a wider monetary union including all the ECOWAS countries in 2004. The six countries 21 themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits 22 10 percent of the previous years government 23 ; reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of the second phase by 2003; creating a Convergence Council to help 24 macroeconomic policies; and 25 up a common central bank. Their declaration 26 that, “Member States 27 the need 28 strong political commitment and 29 to 30 all such national policies 31 would facilitate the regional monetary integration process. “ The goal of a monetary union in ECOWAS has long been an objective of the organization, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to 32 broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and 33 institutions. In the colonial period, currency boards linked sets of countries in the region. 34 independence, 35 , these currency boards were 36 , with the 37 of the CFA franc zone, which included the francophone

countries of the region. Although there have been attempts to advance the agenda of ECOWAS monetary cooperation, political problems and other economic priorities in several of the region’s countries have to 38 inhibited progress. Although some problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional 39 in Nigeria, the largest economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be 40 .

21．

A．committed B．devoted C．adjusted D．attributed

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。commit oneself to表示“承诺，答应负责”，如：He has com-mitted himself to support her family．根据原文内容：六国打算减少央行的财政预算赤字，并做出承诺，故选项[A]committed正确。选项[B]devote表示“献身于，致力于”；选项[C]adjust表示“使……适应”，如：He adjusted himself quickly to the heat of the country．选项[D]attribute表示“归因于”，如：He attributed his success to hard work／working hard．

22． A．to B．by C．with D．until

正确答案：A 解析：此题属于语意搭配题。reduce…to表示“减少到……”，例如：The great fire reduced the forest to a few trees．大火把整座森林烧得只剩下几棵树。根据下文：reducingbudget deficits to 4 percent可知，选项[A]to正确。选项[B]by与reduce连用，意为“减少了…”，例如：reduce one’s weight by 5 pounds(减重5磅)；选项[C]with和[D]until不与reduce连用。

23．

A．finance B．profit C．income D．revenue

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于词义辨析题。government revenue属习惯用法，意为“岁入”，其他选项：选项[A]finance表示“金融”；选项[B]profit表示“利润，益

处”；选项[C]income表示“收入”，指个人所得之薪水、工资、投资所得之利息等。全句可译为：2000年4月20日，在加纳首都阿克拉，六位西非国家首脑宣布：作为将在2004年建成的一个更广泛的、包括西非经济共同体所有成员国在内的货币统一组织的第一步，他们打算在2003年1月前在该地区不属于非洲金融共同体法郎区的国家间建立一个货币联盟。六个国家承诺将银行的财政预算赤字减少到前一年岁人的10％，到2003年的第二阶段，减少到4％。

24．

A．coordinate B．draft C．ordinate D．compromise

正确答案：A 解析：此题属于语意搭配题。coordinate表示“使协调”，如：to coordinate ideas／efforts，根据句子意思：各国承诺建立一个联合委员会以帮助处理宏观经济，其目的是为了发挥更好的效果，故用协调([A]coordinate)最符合题意。选项[B] draft表示“草拟”，如：todraft a speech；选项[C]ordinate跟[A]cordinate是形近词，但它是名词，意为“纵坐标”，不符合题意；选项[D]compromise表示“和解，妥协”，例如：to compromise over the hard—fought text(就……达成协议)；又如：to compromise with conscience(出卖良心)。

25．

A．building B．setting C．founding D．erecting

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。set up表示“建立，设置”，多为组织机构，可与句中的centralbank连用。选项[A]build up表示“建造，逐渐获得”，如：to build up your vocabulary(丰富你的词汇)；选项[C]found表示“建立，组建”，属及物动词，不能与up连用；选项[D]erect表示“建立，树立”，所建东西带有一定高度，不能与up连用，如：They plan to erect anapartment house on that property．(他们准备在那块地产上建造一座公寓楼。)全句可译为：组建一个联合委员会帮助宏观经济；组建一家共同银行。

26． A．says B．writes C．reads D．states

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于词义辨析题。state表示“陈述(尤指详尽而明确地)”，较正式，如：stateone’s position(阐明某人立场)，此处需要一个动词，下文是宣告的具体内容，故选项[D]states正确。其他选项：[A]say，[B]write和[C]read均不符合题意。

27． A．accept B．understand C．recognize D．realize

正确答案：C 解析：此题属于语意搭配题。recognize表示“承认，认识到”，与文中的need连用，意为“see clearly”，故选项[C]recognize正确。选项[A]accept表示“接受”；选项[B]understand表示“理解”；选项[D]realize表示“实现”。

28． A．for B．of C．with D．without

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于固定搭配题。(need)for sth．表示“缺乏，需要某事物”，例如：There’s noneed for such a new law．新法律没有必要。

29．

A．commence B．undertake C．initiate D．try

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。undertake to do sth．表示“答应，担任某事”，如：She undertook to finish the task by Friday．根据原文：成员国答应寻求一切有利于地区货币一体化进程的国家，故选项[B]undertake符合题意。选项[A]commence表示“(正式)开始”，例如：Unfortunately，he commenced speaking before all the guests had finished eating．选项[C]initiate表示“开始，着手(一计划等)”，如：Who initiated the violence?谁制造了混乱?选项[D]try(to do sth．)表示“尽力做某事”。

30． A．pursue B．seek

C．quest D．explore

正确答案：A 解析：此题属于语意搭配题。pursue表示“寻求，以……为目标”，如：pursue pleasure，根据原文意思：寻求一切可能的，故选项[A]pursue正确。其他选项：[B]seek(寻找)；[C]quest(搜寻，探求); [D]explore(探索)；都不能与policies连用。

31． A．which B．that C．as D．what

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语法题，such…as为固定搭配。全句可译为：他们的声明中说：“各成员国意识到了庄严的政治承诺的需要，并答应寻求一切有利于地区货币一体化进程的国家”。

32．

A．accompany B．enforce C．execute D．compel

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。accompany表示“伴随”，如：Lightning usually accompaniesthunder．雷声常随着闪电而来。根据原句意思：货币联盟打算与：更广泛的一体化进程一起完成，故选项[A]accompany正确。选项[B]enforce表示“执行，实施”，如：It isn’t always easy for the police to enforce speed limits．警方想实施限速并不总是那么容易的。选项[C]execute表示“实现，执行”，例如：Now that we have approved we may executethe scheme as previously agreed．既然我们都同意，那我们就可以着手进行我们先前所订的计划了。选项[D]compel表示“迫使”。

33．

A．common B．separate C．several D．public

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。common表示“共同的”，根据句子上下文，

前一段出现acommon central bank可见一体化进程中应包括共同机构的设立，故选项[A]common正确。其他选项：[B]separate，[C]several和[D]public均不符合题意。全句可译为：长期以来，建立一个货币统一组织一直是西非国家经济共同体的一个目标，它最早可以追溯到1975年该组织成立的时候。这个目标还打算伴随更广泛的一体化进程一起实现。这一进程应包括加强地区贸易和共同机构的协作。

34．

A．Towards B．From C．By D．On

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语法题。on相当于at the time of表示“在……时”，on independence即“在时”，故选项[D]On符合题意。选项[A]Towards指方向；选项[B]From表示“从……起”；[C]By表示“在……之前”。

35．

A．therefore B．moreover C．however D．thus

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语篇连接题。however表转折关系，根据文章内容，前一句提到殖民地时期，货币委员会联系着这一地区的国家，下旬说，在这些国家时，货币委员会都被解散了，两者之间存在转折关系，所以选项[C]however正确。选项[A]therefore(因此)，表因果关系；选项[B]moreover表递进；选项[D]thus(因此)，表结果。

36．

A．dissolved B．discharged C．dismissed D．dispelled

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。dissolve表示“分解，结束(正式的组织)”，例如：The societywas dissolved due to lack of members．因会员不足，该协会解散了。原文句中主语为currency boards(货币委员会)，应是正式组织，故其解散用选项[A]dissolved。选项[B]discharge表示“排出，解雇，允许离开”，例如：Patients were discharged from hospital because the beds were needed by other people．(病人被允许离开医院，因为有别的人需要病床。)选项[C]dismiss表示“解雇，撤职，打发走，

正式地命令离开”，例如：dismiss theclass；选项[D]dispel表示“驱散，清除(恐惧，疑惑或错误的想法)”，如：I’d like to startthe speech by dispelling a few rumours．我想以澄清一些谣言作为我讲话的开始。

37．

A．consideration B．intention C．exception D．regard

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语法题。with the exception of表示“除……之外”，根据原文：the CFAFranc zone是惟一未被解散的组织，故选项[C]exception正确。选项[A](with the)consideration(of)表示“考虑到”；选项[B](with the)intention(of)表示“怀有……目的”；选项[D](with)regard(to)表示“关于”，不与of连用。全句可译为：不过，在这些国家时，除了非洲金融共同体法郎区这一组织(该组织包括这一地区说法语的国家)，这些货币委员会都被解散了。

38． A．date B．deter C．hinder D．delay

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。date作动词，表示“加日期于……，记日期”，例如：He datedthe arrival of each new bird．他记下每只新鸟到达的时间。原文前半句中出现advancethe agenda of…cooperation，后半句提及political problem and other economic priorities…对进程的影响，两句之间是转折关系，此处需一个与时间、日期有关的词，故选项[A]date(给受阻的进程加日期)，强调进程缓慢，符合题意。选项[B]deter表示“障碍，使人停止”，相当于prevent／discourse sb．from doing，如：High prices are deterring a lot ofnew couples from buying houses．选项[C]hinder表示“阻挠，妨碍”，相当于limit，如：Broken water pipes and gas leaks have hindered firefighters in their efforts．选项[D]de—lay表示“延迟”。全句可译为：虽然人们已经为促进西非国家经济共同体内的货币合作做出了努力，但是该地区几个国家的政治问题以及别的需要优先考虑的经济问题影响了已经受阻的一体化进程。

39．

A．development B．prosperity C．integration D．cooperation

正确答案：C 解析：此题属于语意搭配题。integration表示“一体化”，意味着融合在一起，有时会做出生活、习惯或习俗上的调整。全文都在讨论一体化的内容，故选项[C](regional)integration(地区一体化)符合题意。选项[A]development表示“发展”；选项[B]prosperity表示“繁荣”；选项[D]cooperation表示“合作”，为某一特定目的而在一起工作，例如：Thecompany produces computers in cooperation with a German firm．这家公司与一家德国公司合作生产计算机。

40．

A．revived B．renew C．restore D．refreshed

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于词义辨析题。revive=make or become conscious again(复活)；performagain(再度上演)。文中谈到货币一体化进程被搁置已久，经过1999年尼日利亚的选举及其领导人的承诺，该计划可能重新实施，故选项[A]revived正确。[B]renew=replace表示“重新，更换”，如：renew a lease(续订租约)；[C]restore表示“归还，复原”，如：restore borrowed books；restore confidence，又如：be restored to health(恢复健康)；[D]refreshed表示“给予新力量”，如：refresh sb．with a glass of wine(喝酒提神)。全句可译为：虽然许多问题仍然存在，但是1999年尼日利亚的选举已经支持并巩固了最近的这次倡议。在这次选举中产生了一个民主，其领导人也承诺在该国一一这一地区最大的经济体一一实行地区性一体化。这给人们带来了希望：这项长期搁置的计划可以重现生机了。

Section III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes)

Part BDirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

British cancer researchers have found that childhood leukaemia is caused by an infection and clusters of cases around industrial sites are the result of population mixing that increases exposure. The research published in the British Journal of Cancer backs up a 1988 theory that some as yet unidentified infection caused leukaemia—not the environmental factors widely blamed for the disease. “Childhood leukaemia appears to be an unusual result of a common infection,” said Sir Richard Doll, an internationally-known cancer expert who first linked tobacco with lung cancer in 1950. “A virus is the most likely explanation. You would get an increased risk of it if you suddenly put a lot of people from large towns in a rural area, where you might have people who had not been exposed to the infection. “ Doll was commenting on the new findings by researchers at Newcastle University, which focused on a cluster of leukaemia cases around the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant in Cumbria in northern England. Scientists have been trying to establish why

there was more leukaemia in children around the Sellafield area, but have failed to establish a link with radiation or pollution. The Newcastle University research by Heather Dickinson and Louise Parker showed the cluster of cases could have been predicted because of the amount of population mixing going on in the area, as large numbers of construction workers and nuclear staff moved into a rural setting. “Our study shows that population mixing can account for the (Sellafield) leukaemia cluster and that all children, whether their parents are incomers or locals, are at a higher risk if they are born in an area of high population mixing,” Dickinson said in a statement issued by the Cancer Research Campaign, which publishes the British Journal of Cancer. Their paper adds crucial weight to the 1988 theory put forward by Leo Kinlen, a cancer epidemiologist at Oxford University, who said that exposure to a common unidentified infection through population mixing resulted in the disease.

41． Who first hinted at the possible cause of childhood leukaemia by infection? ______

A．Leo Kinlen. B．Richard Doll. C．Louise Parker.

D．Heather Dickinson.

正确答案：A

解析：从文章最后一段来看，这一理论最早是由Leo Kinlen提出来的，而HeatherDickinson和Louise Parker则更进一步地对其进行了证实，Richard Doll则是最早将吸烟和肺癌联系起来的人，所以此题正确答案应当为[A]。

42． Which statement can be supported by Heather Dickinson and Louise Parker’s new findings? ______

A．Radiation has contributed to the disease.

B．Putting a lot of people from rural area in a large towns increases the risk of childhood leukaemia.

C．Population mixing is the most important reason for leukaemia cluster. D．Childhood leukaemia is caused by an unusual infection.

正确答案：C

解析：第二段里“．．．，but have failed to establish a link with radiation or pollution”这句话证明A是错的；“You would get an increased risk of it if you suddenly put a lot of people from large towns in a rural area…．”则证明[B]是错的；“Childhood leukaemiaappears to be an unusual result of a common infection”证明[D]是错的；“Our studyshows that population mixing can account for the leukaemia cluster and that all children，．．．”证明[C]是正确的。所以此题正确答案应当为[C]。

43． According to the passage, which of the following is true? ______

A．Most people believe childhood leukaemia is due to environmental factors.

B．Population mixing best explains the cause of childhood leukaemia. C．Radiation has nothing to do with childhood leukaemia.

D．Children born in a large town are at higher risk of leukaemia.

正确答案：A

解析：第一段最后一句话证明[A]是正确的，[B]不对，因为人口混居是造成这种病多发的原因，而非致病的原因；[C]不对，因为尽管文中说没有确定这种病和辐射的关系，但并不表示它和辐射没有关系；[D]不对，因为这种病的高发区是人口混居区而非大城镇。所以正确答案应当为[A]。

44． Cancer Research Campaign is most possibly a______. A．medical journal B．research institute C．private company D．governmental agency

正确答案：B

解析：从“…Cancer Research Campaign，which publishes the British Journal ofCancer”这句话并结合上下文来看，Cancer Research Campaign不太可能是机构或私营公司，更不可能是医学杂志的名称，而应该是科研机构的可能性比较大。所以正确答案应当为[B]。

45． This passage is mainly about______.

A．the cluster of leukaemia cases around the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing part B．the kind of infection that causes childhood leukaemia C．the causes of childhood leukaemia D．a new finding by British scientists

正确答案：D

解析：这篇文章主要讨论的是英国科学家关于儿童白血病致病原因的新说法，[D]应当是正确答案。其余几个选项或者不全面，或者与原文内容不符。

Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project. Sad to say,this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes,combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news. There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the newsroom seem

alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size, cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions. Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church to do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community. Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers. This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program,now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook,values,education,and class.

46． What is the passage mainly about? A．Needs of the readers all over the world.

B．Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers. C．Origins of the declining newspaper industry. D．Aims of a journalism credibility project.

正确答案：B

解析：主旨题。文章第一段第一句以问句的形式点明了文章的主题：为什么会有那么多的美国人不信任新闻报刊?因此，作者要做的是要寻找这一原因。故[B]项为正确答案。

47． The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be______. A．quite trustworthy

B．somewhat contradictory C．very illuminating D．rather superficial

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。第二段前半部分告诉我们：调查项目的结果都是些低档次的内容，如报道失实，拼写、语法错误等。因此[D]项“很肤浅的”为正确答案。

48． The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their______.

A．working attitude B．conventional lifestyle

C．world outlook

D．educational background

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。第六段最后一句说：令人吃惊的是，人们不信任新闻报刊的原因不在于新闻报道的不准确性或糟糕的报道技巧，而在于记者和读者在世界观上的分歧。因此[C]正确。

49． Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its

A．failure to realize its real problems B．tendency to hire annoying reporters C．likeliness to do inaccurate reporting D．prejudice in matters of race and gender

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。最后一段第四句告诉我们：报业从未刻意留心许多老读者曾经抱怨过的(新闻报纸所反映的)文化和阶级歧视。由此可见，报业满足不了读者的真正原因是没有认识到它真正的问题。

Placing a human being behind the wheel of an automobile often has the same curios effect as cutting certain fibres in the brain. The result in either case is more primitive behaviour. Hostile feelings are apt to be expressed in an aggressive way. The same man who will step aside for a stranger at a doorway will, when behind the wheel, risk an accident trying to beat another motorist through an intersection. The importance of emotional factors in automobile accidents is gaining recognition. Doctors and other scientists have concluded that the highway death toll resembles a disease epidemic and should be investigated as such. Dr. Ross A. McFarland, an associate professor of industrial Hygiene at the Harvard U-niversity School of Public Health, aid that accidents “now constitute a greater threat to the safety of large segments of the population than diseases do. “ Accidents are the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 and 35. About one third of all accidental deaths and one seventh of all accidental injuries are caused by motor vehicles. Based on the present rate of vehicle registration, unless the accident rate is cut in half, one of every 10 persons in the country will be killed or injured in a traffic accident in the next 15 years. Research to find the underlying causes of accidents and to develop ways to detect drivers who are apt to cause them is being conducted at universities and medical centres. Here are some of their findings so far： A man drives as he lives. If he is often in trouble with collection agencies, the courts, and police, chances are he will have repeated automobile accidents. Accident repeaters usually are egocentric, exhibitionistic, resentful of authority, impulsive, and lacking in social responsibility. As a group, they can be classified as borderline psychopathic personalities, according to Dr. McFarland. The suspicion, however, that accident repeaters could be detected in advance by screening out persons with more hostile

impulses is false. A study at the University of Colorado showed that there were just as many overly hostile persons among those who had no accidents as among those with repeated accidents. Psychologists currently are studying Denver high school pupils to test the validity of this concept. They are making psychological evaluations of the pupils to see whether subsequent driving records will bear out their thesis.

50． The author believes that, behind the wheel of an automobile, some people act______.

A．as though they were uncivilized

B．as they should change their attitudes from hostility to amicability C．as though their brain fibres needed cutting D．as though they wanted repress hostile feeling

正确答案：A

解析：根据第二段第一句话“The result in either case is more primitive behaviour”，这里“primitive”的意思就是“uncivilized”，所以正确答案应为A。

51． Dr. McFarland emphasizes the great menace of accidents by comparing it to______.

A．psychopathic behaviour B．an epidemic C．hostile attitudes D．antisocial behaviour

正确答案：B

解析：根据第四段中“…now constitute a greater threat to the safety of large segments ofthe population than diseases do”，可见罗斯博士视“交通事故比疾病更严重地威胁着人们的生命安全”。这里博士把交通事故和疾病相比较，因此B为正确答案。

52． According to the article, studies at leading universities have shown that accident repeaters ______.

A．can be detected in advance

B．are in trouble with collection agencies

C．cannot be discovered on the basis of generally hostile attitudes D．drive entirely differently from the way they usually live

正确答案：C

解析：根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话，“研究表明，在没有发生过交通事故的人当中同样有许多不友善的人”。由此可见，不友善的人并不等于事故多发者，人的态度友善不友善，以此为基础，判断不了一个人是否是事故多发者。因此C为正确答案。

53． According to Dr. McFarland, accident repeaters are______. A．shy

B．borderline psychopathic cases C．criminally insane D．neurotic

正确答案：B

解析：根据文中第八段所讲，事故多发者往往是自私自利，好出风头，憎恨，易感情冲动，缺乏社会责任感。要分类的话，他们属于那种处于精神变态的人。A、C、D均与以上所述不符，所以正确答案应为B。

54． The tone of this passage is______. A．ironical B．pessimistic C．humorous D．objective

正确答案：D

解析：作者在文章中引用了较多研究员的研究结果，以事实为依据，分析讨论交通事故率高的原因。在讨论中，作者没有用那些很强的带有个人感情色彩的词语，而是以一种比较客观的态度来讨论问题。所以正确答案应为D。

Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves— goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can’t yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world.” Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by

decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.

55． Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in______. A．the use of machines to produce science fiction

B．the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry C．the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work D．the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。答案在第一段第一句：自从开始发明创造以来，人们一直在设计越来越多的工具来应付危险、枯燥乏味、繁重或是令人讨厌的工作。由此可知，[C]为正确答案。

56． The word “gizmos” (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means______. A．programs B．experts C．devices D．creatures

正确答案：C

解析：语意题。文章第一段说：人类发明了各种工具，利用各种机器为人类服务；第二段第一句说，“结果，当今世界出现了越来越多的智能化gizmos”由此可以推断，gizmos最有可能是机械工具一类的东西，因此，选项[C]应为正确答案。

57． According to the text, what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that can

A．fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery B．interact with human beings verbally C．have a little common sense

D．respond independently to a changing world

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。答案在第三段最后一句：Dave Lavery说，我们现在还没法

设计出能有足够的常识去应付一个动态世界的机器人。[D]项：地应付一个不断变化的世界，符合此意。

58． Besides reducing human labor, robots can also______. A．make a few decisions for themselves

B．deal with some errors with human intervention C．improve factory environments D．cultivate human creativity

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。还是引用第三段第二句Dave Lavery的话：我们知道怎样让机器人去应付一个具体的错误。接下来第五段第二句说：科学家已制造出的机器人能以不到一毫米的精确度识别机器面板上的误差。可见[B]为正确答案。

59． The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ______ A．expected to copy human brain in internal structure B．able to perceive abnormalities immediately

C．far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information D．best used in a controlled environment

正确答案：C 解析：作者观点态度题。作者在最后一段第二三句开始向我们传达了这样一个信息：机器人、人工智能，虽然能为人类做很多工作，但与人的大脑智能、感知能力相比，还相差甚远。人类能在瞬间识别出猴子或可疑的面孔。所以，[C]机器人就识别相关信息而言，比人脑差得多，为正确答案。

Part DDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

In less than 30 year’s time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain’s nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. 61) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 62) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived. According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 63) Pearson has pieced together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will

be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040. Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer human links. “By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,” he says. ) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: “It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.” Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids. 65) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder—kitchen rage.

60．

正确答案：到时将出现由机器人主持的电视聊天节目，以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标，监控器就会令其熄火。

解析：句子的框架是个表将来状况的there be句型：There will be．．．，and．…后半句里出现两个代词them和they；它们指向同一个“被代对象”，这个对象不是monitors，而是cars。过去分词短语hosted by robots作定语修饰shows。that引导定语从句，修饰cars。when引导时间状语从句。英语中监控器和电脑显示器都被称作monitor。offend原意为“触犯”，在此应转译为“超标排污”。

61．

正确答案：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。

解析：句子框架是Children will play with．．．，computers…will be regarded as．．．，relaxation will be…，and digital age will have arrived．整句是一个由四个简单句组成的并列长句。personality chips译为“个性化芯片”。

62．

正确答案：皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新千年技术历，它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。

解析：句子的框架是Pearson has pieced together the work…calendar that gives

thelatest dates when we can expect…to take place。关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰calendar。此从句中又包含一个由关系副词when引导的定语从句。piece常用作名词，意为“碎片，片”，在本句中作动词译为“汇集，聚集”。produce在此根据上下文应译为“编制”。

63．

正确答案：但是皮尔森指出这个突破只是人机一体化的开始。“它是人机一体化漫长过程的开端，最终会使人们在下世纪末之前研制出完全电子化的仿真人。”

解析：句子的框架是由两部分构成，一个间接引语的宾语从句，但语序上稍有不规则，理顺后为Pearson points out．．．but that is only the start of man-machine integration；后面再紧跟一个直接引语。本句中有两个that：第一个that是指示代词，代指上文的breakthrough(突破)，第二个that是关系代词，引导一个定语从句修饰integration。Pearson points out是插入语。

．

正确答案：家用电器也将会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它们将会引发一种心理疾病——厨房狂躁症。

解析：句子的框架是个so…that结果状语从句；And home appliances will(also)become so smart that．．．。“result in”导致，引发。

Section IV Writing (35 minutes)

65． Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures—National and International”.In the essay you shouldI) describe the picture and interpret its meaning , and2) give your comment on the phenomenon.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)An American girl in traditional Chinese costume(服装)

正确答案： A pretty American girl is presented in this picture. Interestingly, she is neither in Apple Jeans nor in Red Taps nor in anything typically American, rather, she prefers traditional Chinese costume. In my opinion, what the picture conveys is beyond a new fashion trend, and it carries cultural implications as well. On the process of globalization, to be national or to be international is a dilemma for almost every culture. While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges and made purely national culture practically impossible, many countries with their distinct national culture still hold a conservative attitude toward being international for fear of losing their own national identity. Admittedly, as it is the reflection of the outlook of a people, national culture is especially to her people as priceless spiritual treasure and ought to be cherished and preserved. However, there are also positive reasons to advocate an international culture. As the traditional Chinese costume in the picture adds some irresistible oriental glamour to her beautiful

figure, the embracing of elements from other cultures will surely do great benefit to a culture. The fresh ideas coming in, controversial or even unreasonable as they may seem at first sight, provide a different perspective for us to observe the world, which is essential to social progress. It is multiculturalism in a society that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous, and open-minded. As the picture raises the thought-provoking question in a light manner, the answer to the question is also implied in it. In my eyes, to be international is undisputedly the better choice if the nation wishes to adopt an open-minded way of progressing.