定语从句

1.People from all walks of life are eager for success, _______ lack of confidence, however, is a great barrier. A. where C. to which 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：各行各业的人都渴望成功，然而，缺乏自信是一个巨大的障碍。此处success是先行词，指物；a great barrier to---，对---是一个大的障碍；所以此处用介词to+which引导非性定语从句，故选C。

2.Blog discussions may be closed to new comments, ____a message is displayed informing you of that.

A. in what case B. in that case C. in whose case D. in which case 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：微博也许会屏蔽新的评论，在这种情况下，会有消息通知你的。句中which case指代前面一句话的内容，引导非性定语从句，in which case意为“在这种情况下……”。选项中what不能引导定语从句，that通常不能放在介词的后面，whose的语义不搭配。故D项正确。

3.Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.

A. who B. when C. which D. where 【答案】D

B. which D. beyond which

【解析】

试题分析：首先分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，所以选D。句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。 【知识拓展】

被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 4.﹣﹣﹣Who is the most famous martial arts novelists？

﹣﹣﹣Jin Yong， __________works deeply influenced the cultural development of Chinese﹣speaking communities around the world． A. he B. his C. who D. whose 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：——谁是最出名的武侠小说家？——金庸，他的作品深深影响了世界各地华人社区的文化发展。此处为非限定性定语从句，从句中缺少定语，故D项正确。

5.We live in this society now literally someone is always helping. A. when C. that 【答案】B

B. where D. what

【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：我们现在生活在这样一个确实有人一直在帮助我们的社会里。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the society，且先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，故用where相当于 in which。故选B。

6.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree ______ people view “volunteer” as an important social role. A. by which which 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：另一项针对芝加哥医院302名志愿者的研究集中在人们把“志愿者”视为重要社会角色的程度上的个体差异上。分析句子可知，本句是一个定语从句，其中先行词是degree，to与degree搭配，如：to some degree 在某种程度上，所以关系词在定语从句中作to的宾语，因此要用to which。故B项正确。 7.-How can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?

-Just surf the Internet and then call one ________ the telephone number is provided. A. with which B. in which C. of which D. by which 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 考查定语从句。

【详解】句意：-我怎样才能和旅行社取得联系呢，罗宾? -上网，然后打电话给其中一个提供的电话号码。本句为介词+关系代词结构的定语从句，先行词为one，与从句the telephone number构成所属关系，故选C。

B. to which

C. in which

D. from

8.Sustainable development is all about creating better health care, education, housing and improved standard of live for everyone, which is a simple idea, is hard to put into practice. A. one B. the one C. one that D. that 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：可持续发展就是要为每个人创造更好的医疗、教育、住房和提高生活水平，这是一个简单的想法，但很难付诸实践。分析句子结构可知，one作a simple idea的同位语，而one后是由that引导的定语从句，that指代先行词one在定语从句中作主语，故C项正确。

9.Nowadays, many developing countries are heavily in debt, because very high interest rates have created a situation these countries now spend $13 on debt repayment for $ 1 they receive.

A. that; that B. which; when C. where; that D. where; what 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：现在，很多发展中国家负债累累，因为高利率造成了这样一种情况，这些国家用13美元偿还1美元的债务。分析句子结构可知，本题考查了两处定语从句，第一处的先行词为situation，从句不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，应该用where，第二10.It is a different world but one ______ offers huge challenges to ambitious young people interested in ______ our Universe works.

A. which; what B. which; why C. that; how D. that; that 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：这是一个不同的世界，但对我们的宇宙如何运作

感兴趣的有志青年来说，这是一个巨大的挑战，分析句子结构可知，第一空为定语从句，先行词为one，应该用that来引导并在从句中作主语，第二空为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应该用how表示“如何”，故C项正确。

处的先行词为$ 1，关系词在从句中作宾语，应该用that，故C项正确。 11.—And what have you got to say?

—There is one point ______ I’d like your advice. A. which B. what C. where D. that 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你有什么要说的？——有个我想听听你建议的地方。先行词为point。从句中不缺主谓宾，所以关系词作地点状语，用where引导这个定语从句；不是同位语从句，不能用that。因后面的I’d like your advice并不是解释point的内容。故C项正确。

12.Russia's cutting off the gas supply raised a major concern to the European Union, a number of member states are increasingly dependent on one single supplier. A. whose C. where 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：句意：俄罗斯减少供给天然气供应使欧盟十分关注 ，而欧盟许多成员国对单一的供给的依赖正在增加。在定语从句中主谓宾完整，所以不选关系代词。故选C。 13.There is a big change from the late 1970s in China, ______ people first began leaving China for study and work.

B. that D. which

A. where B. which C. when D. from which 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查关系副词。句意：从20世纪70年代末，中国发生了很大的变化，当时人们为了学习和工作开始离开中国。分析句子可知，the late 1970s为定语先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以先行词为when。故C选项正确。

14.After years of wondering how the idle rich got even richer, we cracked the millionaire’s code, ______ secret is simple: Don’t spend a penny if you don’t have to. A. which B. that C. whose D. what 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：多年来，我们一直想知道那些闲散的富人是如何变得更加富有的，如今，我们破解了百万富翁的密码，他们的秘密是简单的：如果没有必要，一分钱也不要花。此处the millionaire’s code是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作定语，故答案为C。 15.More of us are using headphones in noisier environments, ______ we may turn up the volume to potentially dangerous levels.

A. when B. while C. before D. where 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们中越来越多的人在噪音更大的环境中使用耳机，这样我们可能会把音量调到潜在危险的水平。此处environments做先行词，在后面的非性定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为D。

16.In the US, there are currently over 5,000 community schools _____, in addition to serving as educational institutions, function as community centers for the surrounding neighborhood. A. which C. whose 【答案】A 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在美国，目前有超过5000所社区学校，除了作为教育机构之外，还作为周边社区的中心。此处schools是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，确定关系词which/that。故答案为A。

17.Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty, _____has been predicted, is fruitful. A. what B. which C. as D. that 【答案】C 【解析】

。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。as 【详解】

has been predicted。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。C。

18.Ms Meng, CFO of Huawei, got arrested for no good reason in Canada, ________ caused great anger of the whole nation of China. A. that 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：华为CFO孟女士在加拿大无故被捕，引起了全中国人民的

B. as

C. which

D. what

B. where D. as

强烈愤慨。此处是前面整个句子做先行词，用which引导非性定语从句，且作主语，故选C。

19.More of us are using headphones in noisier environments, _______ we may turn up the volume to potentially dangerous levels. A. when C. before 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们中越来越多的人在噪音更大的环境中使用耳机，这样我们可能会把音量调到潜在危险的水平。此处environments做先行词，在后面的非性定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为D。

20.Cristiano Ronaldo, who won four Champions League titles in nine seasons, makes it compulsory that, _______ you must remember, in order to succeed you ____ optimistic. A. what; are C. /; must be 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句和虚拟语气。句意：克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，在九个赛季中赢得了四次冠军联赛的冠军，你必须要记住，为了取得成功，你必须保持乐观。本句的第一个空是定语从句的关系词，which指代前面的句子。第二个空是虚拟语气should be optimistic，其中的should省略。第二句是考查名词从句，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that in order to succeed you (should) be optimistic.英语中it is compulsory that…从句中要用虚拟语气should do…,should可省略。句中的should省略了。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。 21.---Who is the most famous martial arts novelists?

B. as; will be D. which; be B. while D. where

---Jin Yong, ___works deeply influenced the cultural development of Chinese-speaking communities around the world.

A. he B. his C. who D. whose 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：——谁是最出名的武侠小说家？——金庸，他的作品深深影响了世界各地华人社区的文化发展。此处为非限定性定语从句，从句中缺少定语，故D项正确。

22.The teacher often gives his students a brief pause in class ______ they can take in what he has taught. A. why 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个老师经常在课堂上给学生一个短暂暂停的时间，在这段时间里学生们可以吸收他所讲的内容。前句的先行词是pause间歇，从句主谓宾成分齐全，缺少时间状语，应使用关系副词when引导。故B选项正确。

23.The problem with traffic crowdedness in the city put forward at the meeting, the government takes into consideration, is of great importance. A. what B. where C. which D. as 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查关系词。句意: 会议上提出的城市交通拥挤问题非常重要，考虑到了这个

B. when

C. who

D. which

The problem with traffic crowdedness in the city put forward at the meeting问题。分析句子可知，为先行词，作take的宾语，又根据逗号，判断出本句为非性定语从句，所以关系代词What不能引导定语从句。为which。先行词在定语从句作宾语，所以不能用关系副词when。as是”正如”的意思,不符合句意。故C选项正确。

24.Stan Lee, an outstanding comic-book writer, created plenty of superheroes in his works, _________ the Spider-man and the X-men are the most famous. A. for them B. for which C. of them D. of which 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：斯坦·李，一位杰出的漫画作家，在他的作品中创造了大量的超级英雄，其中最著名的是蜘蛛侠和x战警。分析句子可知，本句works为先行词，在后面定语从句中，作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which, 根据句意可知，介词为of表示“...的”。故D选项正确。

25.Life is a tough journey, to some extent, _______ you still smile and love even though you are occasionally hurt and betrayed.

A. where B. what C. when D. which 【答案】A 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活是一段艰难的旅程，在某种程度上，即使你偶尔在其中受到伤害和背叛，你仍然会微笑和爱。you still smile and love even though you are occasionally hurt and betrayed.是定语从句，先行词是journey，在从句中做状语，表示抽象的地点。故选A。

【点睛】定语从句中，当先行词是journey, job, situation, stage, condition, point, case, position 等抽象名词时，常把它们看作表示地点的抽象名词，在从句中作状语时用where来引导从句。

26.–Thank you for your assistance, without ___I might have been in danger. --That’s all right, anyone in my place ________ the same thing. A. that; will do B. it, would

C. which; can have done D. which; would have done 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】考查非性定语从句和虚拟语气。句意：——谢谢你的帮助，没有你的帮助我可能会有危险。——没关系，无论是谁处在我这样的位置，都会这么做的。without ___I might have been in danger.是一个非性定语从句，先行词是your assistance，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which；与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他。主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 27.Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day,____ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing. A. where 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：贝拉总是很开朗，每天在她的办公室里营造了友好的工作氛围，她的同事们觉得这样的氛围轻松愉快。句中先行词为atmosphere，在非限定性定语从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选B。

28.The reign of the next Japanese emperor will be known as “Reiwa” (令和) era, in ________ name the character for “harmony” is included. A. which C. whose

B. what D. as

B. which

C. when

D. that

【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：下一个日本皇帝统治时期将被称为“令和时代”，在这个名字里包含着寓意“和谐”的字。先行词为“Reiwa”(令和) era。从句中name前缺少一个形容词，只有选项A和选项C可用做形容词。但是A. which强调“哪一个”，C. whose强调“谁的”。定语从句前没有出现选项范围，故选C。

29.Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children _______ some worry is changing the very nature of childhood. A. why B. who C. which D. where 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最新公布的数据显示，科技在儿童中的使用有所增加，一些人担心这正在改变儿童的天性。_______ some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.是一个定语从句，修试先行词an increase in technology use ，some worry是插入语，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故选C。

30.A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public. A. as B. who C. whom D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。定语从句的先行词为babies，且从句缺少主语，故用。。。。who引导从句。故选B。