1． to originate in … 起源于（何时/何地）; 由。。。引起
他的书源于一个小故事。
His book originated in a short story.
他们的友谊来自一次偶然的相遇。
Their friendship originated in a chance meeting.
由于误解引起争吵。
The quarrel originated in a misunderstanding.
2．in common with 和。。。一样
同许多人一样，他喜欢乡村音乐。
In common with many people, he prefers the country music.
和你一样，我认为它将是一个成功者。
In common with you, I think he will be a success.
他们彼此毫无共同之处。
They have nothing in common with one another.
京剧和西方歌剧毫无共同之处。
Beijing opera has nothing in common with the west of opera. (western opera)
3．date back to/from 起自谋时代/追溯到。。。 时代开始有的。
我们的友谊自1960年就开始了。
Our friendship dates back to 1960.
那套服装可追溯到十九世纪。
That dress dates back to the 19th century.
京剧自从十八世纪就已经有了。
Beijing opera dates back to the 18th century
4． by order of 奉。。。之命，根据。。。的指示
根据的指示，不准在街道上停车。
是。。。
Don’t park on the street by order of the police.
奉国王之命，他们重修了这座庙宇。
They rebuilt the temple by order of the King.
四大徽班奉皇帝之命进京巡回表演。
Four opera groups from Anhui Province performed on tour in Beijing by order of the emperor.
5．hit 演出成功，成功而轰动一时的演出(或歌曲、电影、小说等)；成功而一炮走红的人物(如歌星、影星、小说家等)
The TV play, men, is the hit of the season.
Zhou Jielun is the hit these years.
5． Be characterized by 以。。。为特征，表现。。。的特点
川菜以其辣味为特征。
Sichuan food is characterized by its spicy flavor.
你的工作特点是不注意细节。
Your work is characterized by lack of attention to detail.
6． accompany v. 伴随，陪伴
be accompanied by 有（人）陪伴；伴有，附有
她在母亲的陪伴下进来了。
She entered, accompanied by her mother.
风雨交加。
The rain was accompanied by a high wind.
表演是用传统乐器奏出强烈的节奏来伴奏的。
The performance is accompanied by loud rhythms produced with traditional musical instruments.
7． by和with 的区别
1）. 表示使用有形的工具时，通常with 来表示
如： 用钢笔写 write with a pen
用肉眼看 see with naked eyes
用锤子敲打 strike with a hammer
用毛巾擦 rub with towel
2）. 表示采用某种方式或手段时用by来表示
如：用无线电联系 reach by radio
用耳机收听 listen to by earphone
用手工制造 make by hand
