GOST 25607-94.ER(07.09.02)

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CRUSHED STONE-GRAVEL-SAND MIXTURES FOR MOTOR ROAD AND AERODROME COVERING AND BASE

SPECIFICATION

RUSSIA GOSSTROY (STATE CONSTRUCTION INSTITUTION)

MOSCOW

1. DEVELOPED by State Road Science and Research Institute of SOYUZDORNII with the assistance of VNIPISTROMSIRYE, NPO ROSDORNII of Russian federation. INTRODUCED by Russia Gosstroy (State Construction Institution).

2. ADOPTED by Interstate Scientific-Technical Commission on Construction Standardization and Technical Regulation 0f March 14, 1994.

For its adoption voted: Name of State Title of state construction department Azerbaijan Republic Gosstroy of Azerbaijan Republic Armenia Republic State Architecture Department of Armenia Republic Kazakhstan Republic Construction Ministry of Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Republic Gosstroy of Kyrgyz Republic Moldova Republic Architecture & Construction Ministry of Moldova Republic Russian Federation Gosstroy of Russia Tadjikistan Republic Gosstroy of Tadjikistan Republic Uzbekistan Republic Architecture & Construction State Committee Of Uzbekistan Republic 3. IN PLACE OF GOST 25607-83

4. PUT INTO FORCE since January 5, 1995 as a state standard of Russian Federation by Resolution of Russia Gosstroy of June 20, 1994, # 18-45.

GOST 25607-94

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CRUSHED STONE-GRAVEL-SAND MIXTURES FOR MOTOR ROAD AND AERODROME COVERING AND BASE

Specification

Date of introduction: 1995-01-01

1. FIELD OF APPLICATION

This standard is applied to ready crushed stone-sand, gravel-sand and crushed stone-gravel-sand mixtures used for coverings, bases and supplementary coatings for motor road and aerodrome bases and stabilization of motor road flank, as well as to the crushed stone used for covering and basing on wedging method.

This standard is also applied to aggregates for heavy and fine concrete, fillers for asphalt mixtures, to finished mixtures for bases and coverings treated with non-organic and organic binding materials.

Requirements of this standard given in the items 3.21-3.2.3, 3.3.1-3.3.6 and sections 4 and 5 are binding.

2. STANDARD REFERENCES

References used in this standard for normative documentation and paperwork are given in the Addendum A.

3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1. Crushed stone-sand, gravel-sand and crushed stone-gravel-sand mixtures (further –

finished mixtures) and crushed stone are to be produced in compliance with requirements of the present standard on technological schedule approved by a manufacturer.

3.2. Requirements to the rocks crushed stone for covering and basing on wedging

method.

3.2.1. The crushed stone on its grain compound, solidity, frost-resistance, content of laminar (hearth) and prickly form grains, dust-like and clay particles content, lumpy clay and content of the crushed grains in the gravel crushed stone, structural decay resistance of the crushed stone is to meet requirements of GOST-8267. Sedimentary rock crushed stone crushability mark grade should not be lower than 300.

Besides, the igneous and metamorphic rock crushed stone grade on crushability is equal to 600 and lower, the sedimentary rock crushed stones grade does make up 400 and lower, the gravel crushed stone grade is equal to 600 and lower values do characterize the plasticity and water resistance indexes.

3.2.2. The crushed stone plasticity grade should meet requirements given in the table 1.

Table 1 Plasticity grade Plasticity index Pl1 Pl 2 Pl 3 Up to1 inclusively More than 1 to 5 More than 5 to 7 The crushed stone of higher crushability grade than ones indicated in 3.2.1 belong to the grade Pl.1.

3.2.3. The crushed stone grade on water-resistance should meet requirements given in the table 2.

Table 1

Water-resistance grade W 1 W 2 Mass loss at testing, % Up to1 inclusively More than 1 to 3 The crushed stone of higher crushability grades, than the ones indicated in 3.2.1 belong to the grade W1.

3.3. Requirements to ready mixtures for foundations and supplementary layers construction of

bases and coverings.

3.3.1. The mixture grain compound is to meet requirements given in the table 3

Table 3 Mixture number M 1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 Largest grain size (Д) 40 20 120 80 80 40 20 20 80 40 20 Total residuum on sieves with the size of, mm 120 - - 0-10 0-2 0-2 - - - 0-2 - - 80 20 10 5 Covering mixtures 0-5 0-20 20-40 35-60 45=70 - 0-5 0-20 10-35 25-50 Base mixtures (continuos granulometry) 15-30 20-50 40-65 50-75 65-85 0-15 20-60 40-80 55-85 65-85 0-15 10-35 20-50 30-65 40-75 0-5 0-20 40-60 60-80 70-85 - 0-5 0-20 20-40 40-60 - 0-5 0-20 40-70 60-85 Base mixtures (half-interrupted granulometry) 0-20 15-40 28- 40-79 48-85 0-5 0-20 17-40 30- 42-80 - 0-5 0-20 18-40 32- Unwedging mixtures - - 0-5 0-20 30-70 - - - 0-5 0-20 40 2,5 55-80 35-65 75-90 75-90 50-85 75-85 55-70 70-95 55-88 49-86 42-80 0,63 70-90 55-80 80-95 85-95 70-90 85-95 75-85 85-97 69-92 65-91 60-80 0,16 75-92 65-90 95-100 95-100 90-95 93-97 90-95 90-97 87-97 85-95 83-95 0,05 80-93 75-92 95-100 95100 95-100 95-100 95-100 92-100 95-100 95-100 95-100 Mass percents

M12 10 - 50-85 75-95 -93 90-100 M13 5 - 20-70 55-95 75-98 80-100 Note 1. There is allowed use of the following mixtures; 2. M1 and M2 – for basing at availability of proper technical-economical assessment; M3 – M11 for supplementary layers of bases. M4-M6 and M9-M10 for stabilization of motor road waysides 2. Mixtures M1 and M2 used for coverings should contain not less than 50% of the crushed stone particle mass with size of more than 5 mm. Belonging to the mixture compound. On the manufacturer and customer agreement there can be used the sand-gravel mixtures of the indicated grain compound.

3.3.2. The mixture plasticity grade determined on grains, with the size of less than 0,63 mm. contained in the mixtures should meet requirements indicated in the table 1.

3.3.3. Content of dust-like and clay particles (with size of less than 0,05 mm.) in the finished mixtures should meet requirements indicated in the table 3. At that content of lumpy clay from percentage total mass of the dust-like and clay particles in the finished mixtures should not exceed:

20-for bases; 10-for coverings.

It is allowed to supplement lack of particles with the size of less than 0,05 mm. by blending with loam, dust-like sand and industrial production wastes (ash-slag mixtures, phosphogypsum, nepheline sludge and etc.) straight on the road.

3.3.4. Mixture filtration coefficient ratio for supplementary layers should be not less than: 1m/24 hours – for the motor road base drainage layers; 7m/24 hours – for aerodrome drainage layers;

0,2/24 hours – for frost-resistance motor road bases.

3.3.5. For the bases frost-resistance layers there should be applied non-heaving or slightly swelling mixtures. Swelling degree is characterized by relative deformation of the mixture frost swelling, which should make up not less than 0,04.

3.3.6. The crushed stone and gravel contained in the mixtures, on the solidity, frost-resistance and decay stability of the crushed stone structure should meet requirements of GOST 8267 and 3.2.1. of this standard. It is allowed to use in the crushed stone mixtures two or more kinds of rocks. Besides, the crushed stone and gravel contained in the mixtures do characterize water resistance index, given in the table 2.

3.4. The crushed stone, gravel and mixtures are divided into classes depending on total

specific effective activity value of natural radionuclides (Aeff) are subdivided and applied: - at Aeff up to 740 Bq/KG. – for construction of roads and aerodromes without limitations; - at Aeff of more than 740 to 2800 Bq/KG – for construction of roads and aerodromes out of inhabited localities and zones of future developments.

3.5. A manufacturer will determine and inform a customer of the crushed stone, gravel and

finished mixtures bulk density.

Use of the crushed stone of two or more rock kinds in the mixtures is assumed.

3.6. Values of the crushed stone, gravel and finished mixtures grain compound (content of

grains with the size of less than the least rated size and larger than the largest rated size) established by standard quality indexes and content of dust-like and clay particles should be not less than 95%.

4. Acceptance rules

4.1. The crushed stone and mixtures are to be accepted by the manufacturer’s technical

control department. 4.2 The crushed stone and gravel are to be accepted and delivered in lots. Lot is an amount

of the crushed stone (of one cut or cut mixtures) or mixtures, stipulated in the supply agreement and at one time shipped to one of the customers by railroad car or vessel. At shipment by motor transport in lots there will be counted amount of materials shipped to one customer within 24 hours.

4.3. For inspection of the crushed stone and mixture quality conformity with the present

standard there will be conducted an acceptance control and periodic tests.

4.4.

- grain compound;

- content of dust-like and clay particles; - content of lumpy clay;

- content of crushed grains in the gravel crushed stone;

4.5. At periodical tests there will be established:

- once in 10 days – content of laminar(hearth) and prickly form grains;

- once in a quarter – solidity(wearability); water-resistance, plasticity – for the crushed stone used as a self-contained material and mixtures; filtration ratio; bulk density; structural resistibility of the crushed stone against decay; swelling degree;

- once in a year – frost-resistance; specific effective activity of natural radionuclides and the crushed stone and mixtures grade.

Specific effective activity of radionuclides and the crushed stone and mixtures grade will be established in the special laboratories at duly calibrated gamma-spectrometric plants or in the radiation-metric laboratories of supervisory bodies.

In the absence of geological exploration data on radiation-hygienic evaluation of the field and report on the crushed stone and mixtures report, the manufacturer will previously evaluate the mined rock areas directly in quarries or finished products warehouse, in compliance with GOST 30108.

4.6. Sampling and preparation of the crushed stone and mixture assays for quality control will

be conducted in compliance with requirements of GOST 8269.

Test points for preliminary radiation-hygienic evaluation of rock and class of the crushed stone and gravel will be selected on GOST 30108.

4.7. At control check of the crushed stone and mixture quality the Customer is to apply order

of sampling from hauling units, stipulated in GOST 8267.

4.8. Quantity of the supplied crushed stone or mixtures will be determined on amount or

mass, in compliance with requirements of GOST 8267.

4.9. At shipment to a customer each batch of the crushed stone and mixtures will be

accompanied by documents on quality, in which there will be specified: - name of a producer and its address; - number and date of document issue; - customer’s name and address; - batch number and material quality;

- numbers of railroad cars or vessels and invoice number; - material description;

- crushed stone and mixture grain compound;

- content of dust-like and clay particles and lumpy clay;

- content of grains of a laminar and prickly form in the crushed stone (except the crushed stone in the finished mixtures);

- crushed stone and gravel crushability grade; - crushed stone and gravel frost-resistance grade; - crushed stone and gravel water-resistance grade;

An acceptance control at the manufacturer’s plant will be conducted daily by testing of the crushed stone and mixtures pooled samples selected from each technological line according to GOST 8269. At acceptance control of the crushed stone and mixtures there will be established:

- mass loss at determination of the crushed stone structural resistance against decay; - crushed stone and gravel plasticity grade;

- content of the crushed grains in the gravel crushed stone; - bulk density;

- swelling degree( only for supplementary layer mixtures); - filtration ratio ( only for frost-resistance layer mixtures);

- specific effective activity of the crushed stone, gravel and mixtures natural radionuclides; - designation of the present standard.

5.CONTROL METHODS

5.1. The crushed stone used as a self-contained material, as well as the crushed stone and

gravel contained in mixtures are to be tested on GOST 8269. The sedimentary rock crushed stone crushability grade is to be determined in a water-saturated condition.

5.2. Mixture grain compound will be determined on GOST 8269 by sizing of dried up to fixed

mass laboratory samples on standard sieving stack with engagement of additional sieve with 063 and 016 ## on GOST 6613. It is allowed to use the sieves of the size 70 and 0,14 mm. up to equipping of the laboratory with sieves of 80 and 0,16mm. orifice size. 5.3. Content of dust-like, clay particles and lumpy clay in mixtures will be determined in

compliance with addendum B.

5.4. The crushed stone structural resistance against silicate and ferrous decay will be

determined on GOST 3344.

5.5. Rate of the crushed stone and mixtures plasticity, as well as crushed stone and gravel

water-resistance will be determined in compliance methods 3 and 4 of the addendum B. 5.6. Swelling degree of mixture used for arrangement of frost-protective layers will be

determined on GOST 28622. There will be tested only mixtures, in which the sandy component is contained in the amount of more than 10% on mass. The rest mixtures are regarded as known suitable ones for frost-protective layers.

Prepared for testing mixture is to be sifted through the sieve with the orifice diameter of 20 mm. and from material passed from this sieve there will be selected three samples with mass of not less than 3,0 KG each. The samples will be placed into split forms and densified by layer tamping method up to maximal density at optimum moisture content, in compliance with GOST 22733. Determination of swelling degree will be carried out in compliance with GOST 28622. without sample loading.

5.7. Mixtures filtration ration will be determined in compliance with method 5 of addendum B. 5.8. Specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the crushed stone and mixtures will

be determined by gamma-spectrometric method on GOST 30108. 5.9. Supply will be determined on GOST 8267.

6. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

6.1. The crushed stone, gravel ad mixtures will be transported in open railroad cars and

vessels and motor cars, in accordance with approved Regulations on freight transportation by corresponding means of transport. The crushed stone and gravel will be stored separately, on cut and mixtures – on numbers, guarding against its mixing and contamination.

At transportation by railroad transport there are to be fulfilled requirements of the loads lading and fastening Specifications approved by Communications Ministry.

At transportation of mixtures to a construction site an intermediate material handling is not allowed.

6.2.

At shipment and storage of the crushed stone and mixtures in winter period a manufacturer has to undertake measures on their freezing

(shoveling, treatment by special solutions and etc.) prevention.

ADDENDUM A (informative)

NORMATIVE REFERENCES

In the present standard there have been used references to the following normative documents and engineering data:

GOST 3344-83. Slag crushed stone and sand for road construction. Specification. GOST 5180-84. Soils. Methods of laboratory determination of physical properties. GOST 6613-86. Wire woven grids with square cells. Specification.

GOST 8267-93. Solid rock crushed stone and gravel for construction works. Specification. GOST 8269-87. Crushed stone of natural stone, gravel and crushed stone of gravel for construction works. Testing methods.

GOST 8735-88. Sand for construction works. Testing methods.

GOST 22733-77. Soils. Method of maximal density determination in the laboratory. GOST 24104-88. Common purpose and exemplary laboratory scales.

GOST 25584-90. Soils. Method of filtration ratio laboratory determination. GOST 26633-91. Heavy and fine concrete. Specification.

GOST 28622-90. Soils. Method of laboratory determination of swelling degree. GOST 29329-92. Static weighing scales. Common specification.

GOST 30108-94. Construction materials and items. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides.

TU 16-6881032-84. Drying oven.

ADDENDUM B (required)

TESTING METHODS

1. Method of determination of dust-like and clay particles in mixtures. 1.1. Method essence

Content of dust-like and clay particles (particles with size of less than 0,05 mm.) will be determined on change of analytical sample mass prior to and after testing. At that determinations of contained in the mixtures crushed stone and sand will be carried out separately. For the crushed stone (gravel), on GOST 8269 and for sand, on GOST 8735.

1.2. Content of dust-like and clay particles in mixtures, on mass percents, will be

computed by formula

псм = п 1а1 + п2а2 100 (1)

where П1, П2 – content of dust-like and clay particles, in proportion to the crushed stone(gravel) and sand on mass %;

a1,a2 – content in mixtures of the crushed stone and sand determined on the grain compound results on mass %.

2. Method of determination of a lumpy clay content in mixtures

Content of lumpy clay will be determined by particle analytical sample selection, differing on viscosity. At that, determination will be made separately for the crushed stone (gravel) in each cut on GOST 8269 and sand on GOST 8735, contained in mixture.

Total quantity of clay in mixtures, on mass percent will be calculated as an average weighed value of lumpy clay in the crushed stone (gravel) and sand by formula

Гсм= Г1а1 + Г2а2 а1 + а2 (2)

where Г1,Г2 - content of lumpy clay in the crushed stone (determined as an average weighed one in cut mixtures) and sand, on mass %.

a1, a2 – content of the crushed stone and sand in mixture, determined on the grain compound results, on mass %.

3. Plasticity rate determination

Rate of plasticity will be determined as a difference between liquid limit and rolling limit humidity indexes.

Plasticity rate will be determined on 0,63mm. sized grains, obtained by sizing of crushing products, formed after the crushed stone, gravel testing for crushability (abradability) or specially sifted from mixtures. Sizing of mixtures will be carried out with use of two safety sieves with the cell size of 1,25 and 0,63 mm. `

Sampling, determination of liquid and rolling limits will be conducted on GOST 5180.

Plasticity grade will be established according to 3.2.2. of the present standard.

4. Determination of water-resistance

4.1. Method essence

Water-resistance of the crushed stone (gravel) will be determined on change sample mass after its saturation with water and drying.

4.2. Facilities

Table weight or dial balances on GOST 29329 or on GOST 24104. Drying oven on TU 16-681032.

Vessel for material saturation with water.

4.3. Preparation for testing

The crushed stone (gravel) will be washed and dried up to a constant mass, sifted through the sieve with the cell size of 5mm. After that there will be selected two analytical samples with mass indicated in Table B.1.

Table B.1 Grain maximal size, mm. 80 and larger 40 20 10 Sample mass, KG, not less than 5,0 2,0 1,0 0,5 4.4. Test operation

Each sample will be placed into a vessel with water of a room temperature so, as the water level in a vessel would be higher of the grain surface, which is not below of 2 cm. Samples will be soaked in water within 48 hours, after which the grains will be washed on the sieve with the cell size of 5 mm., dried up to a constant mass and weighed.

4.5. Result treatment

The crushed stone (gravel) water-resistance, on mass percents, is calculated by formula

m= m1 – m2 . 100,

m1 (3)

where m1, m2 – sample mass prior to and after saturation with water, g. respectively.

Water-resistance grade will be established in compliance with 3.2.3 of the present standard.

5. Determination of the mixtures filtration ratio

5.1. Facilities

Table weight or dial balances on GOST 29329 and GOST 24104. Drying oven on TU 16-681032. The sieves on GOST 6613 and a sieve with round orifices of 5mm. diameter. 5.2. Preparation of samples to testing

Mixture will be dried up to a constant mass and selected two laboratory samples with mass of not less than 5,0 KG. Then, mixture will be sifted though the sieve with the orifices of 5 mm. diameter and determined content of sand in the mixture (MП).

If the mixture contains sand of less than 10 % on mass, then the ratio will not be determined, as the mixture is known as suitable for use in supplementary layers.

If the mixture contains sand in the amount of larger than 10% on mass, then there will be determined the sand grain compound according to GOST 8735. It is allowed not to determine the filtration ratio for sand containing grains with the size of less than 0,16(0,14) mm. in the amount of not larger than 25% on mass and size of less than 0,05mm. - not larger than 5% on mass. The sand mesh analysis is to be prepared graphically as a sieving curve built in a semi-logarithmic scale. On the sieving curve there will be graphically determined effective size of

the sand particles Д э.п. to which there fits that nominal size of the sieves orifices total remainder of which equal to 90%.

On the sand sieving curve there will be graphically determined an effective size of mixture particles ДЭ.С., to which there fits such nominal size of the sieves, total remainder of which is equal to X value.

X = 100(Mn-10) %

Mn (4)

5.3.

Mixture filtration ratio will be calculated by formula

Filtration ratio of sand contained in the mixture will be determined on GOST 25584.

Result treatment

KC= KП (Д.Э.С. )2, (5) (Д Э..П.. )

where KC is a mixture filtration ratio, m/24 hours;

КП is filtration ratio of sand contained in the mixture, m/24 hours.

ADDENDUM B (informative)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Time criteria for control and “ Reducing of population radiation from natural ionizing radiation sources”.

M, 1991. Approved by Head State Sanitary Inspector of the USSR, A.I. Kondrusev on July, 10 1991, # 57--91.