华杯赛计算专题:3加法、乘法运算律
加法、乘法运算律: 加法交换律:a+b=b+a
加法结合律:a+b+c=a+(b+c) 乘法交换律:a×b=b×a
乘法结合律:a×b×c=a×(b×c) 乘法分配律:a×(b+c)=a×b+a×c 例1.计算:88×345+345×111。
【答案】68655
【解答】原式=345×(88+111) =345×199
=345×(200-1) =345×200-345×1 =69000-345 =68655
例2.计算:2008×1001-2005×999.
【答案】7013
【解答】原式=2008×(1000+1)-2005×(1000-1) =2008×1000+2008-2005×1000+2005 =(2008-2005)×1000+(2008+2005) =3000+4013 =7013
例3.计算:2005×20072007-2004×20082008.
【答案】30003
【解答】原式=2005×2007×10001-2004×2008×10001 =(2005×2007-2004×2008)×10001
=[(2004+1)×2007-2004×2008]×10001 =(2004×2007+2007-2004×2008)×10001 =(2007-2004)×10001 =30003
例4.计算:99.9×77.7+33.3×66.6
【答案】9980.01
【解答】原式=99.9×77.7+33.3×3×22.2 =99.9×77.7+99.9×22.2 =99.9×(77.7+22.2)
1
=99.9×99.9
=99.9×(100-0.1) =99.9×100-99.9×0.1 =9990-9.99 =9980.01
例5.计算:159×63+41×120-59×43.
【答案】12400
【解答】原式=(100+59)×63+(100-59)×120-59×43 =100×63+59×63+100×120-59×120-59×43 =100×63+100×120-59×(120+43-63) =100×63+100×120-59×100 =100×(63+120-59) =12400
例6.计算:73×62-27×38
【答案】3500
【解答】原式=73×(100-38)-(100-73)×38 =73×100-73×38-100×38+73×38 =(73-38)×100 =3500
例7.计算:
【答案】866
.
【解答】原式
=1100-234 =866
2
例8.计算:
【答案】8
.
【解答】原式
=13×15-11×17 =8
3