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2012年南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语考研真题

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2012年南京航空航天大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题

(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)

一、Grammatical Structure(总题数：15，分数：15.00)

1.It is the education ________ he received when studying abroad ________ has made him such an excellent manager.（分数：1.00）

A.that; which B.that; that √ C.which; which D.what; that 解析：

句意：正是他在国外留学时受到的教育使他成为一名优秀的管理者。首先第二空为强调句型，应填that，排除A、C；再看第一空，空格处是定语从句引导词，先行词为education，做从句中的宾语，用that和which都可以。因此正确答案选B。

2.________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.（分数：1.00）

A.The one B.Whoever √ C.Anyone D.Who 解析：

句意：任何一个想住宾馆的人都得自己付钱。whoever引导主语从句，在句中做主语。选项A和C不能做主语从句引导词。D选项没有C选项语气强烈，不符合句意要求。故答案选B。

3.—George and Lily got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?

—No, I ________. Did they have a big wedding?（分数：1.00）

A.hadn't been invited √ B.didn't invite C.was not invited D.have not been invited 解析：

句意：乔治和莉莉上周结婚了。你去参加他们的婚礼了吗？没有，我没被邀请。他们的婚礼很盛大吗？“结婚”这个动作发生在过去，“受到邀请”这个动作应该是在结婚之前发生，所以时态应该是过去完成时，因此答案选A。

4.The careless driver has just been ________$10 for stopping his car at a sign that ________“No PARKING”.（分数：1.00）

A.punished; is written B.punished; reads C.fined; reads √ D.fined; is written 解析：

句意：这名粗心的司机刚刚被罚款10美元，因为他的车停在了放有写着“禁止停车”标志的地方。fine罚款；punish惩罚；第一空应该表示“罚款”的意思，选fine，排除A和B选项。在英语中，如果说书信、标牌等上面写着什么字，通常用主语＋reads表示，用主动表被动。因此本题答案选C。

5.The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.（分数：1.00）

A.was to be made √ B.had make C.is made D.would make 解析：

句意：在澳大利亚发现金子让成千上万的人相信那里可以创造财富。主句是一般过去时，be to do表示将来，从句应和主句时态保持一

致，用一般过去时表示建立在过去的基础上的将来会发生的事，因此答案选A。

6.You ________ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.（分数：1.00） A.must B.should C.needn't D.cannot √ 解析：

句意：你怎么重视你的阅读技能都不为过，因为它太重要了。can't…too much意为：怎么都不为过，越……越好；固定表达，因此答案选D。

7.I've tried several times, but the car just ________.（分数：1.00）

A.doesn't start B.won't start √ C.didn't start D.wouldn't start 解析：

句意：我试了几次，但车就是打不着。will用作情态动词，意思是“愿意；肯”，这里won't表示一种状态，一种趋势，可以理解成一种拟人的手法，故正确答案选B。

8.Haven't I told you that you ________ have the answer tomorrow morning?（分数：1.00） A.will B.would C.shall √ D.should 解析：

句意：我有没有告诉你明天早上就能得到答复？shall表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思。这里表示“允诺，答应”，因此答案选C。

9.There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. It ________ a comfortable journey.（分数：1.00）

A.must have been B.shouldn't be C.can't be

D.couldn't have been √ 解析：

句意：小汽车上已经有五个人，但他们设法把我带去。这不可能是一趟舒服的旅行。根据动词were和managed可以知道旅行这个动作已经发生并结束了，could not have done虚拟语气，表示以现在的眼光看来“过去不可能发生的情况”。故答案选D。

10.I don't remember how many years ago ________ I last showed you around the farm.（分数：1.00）

A.was it when B.it was when C.it was that √ D.was it that 解析：

句意：我不记得上次是多少年前带你参观这个农场了。“it was…that”是强调句的标志，句中的宾语从句how many years ago it was that由强调句it was many years ago that…转化而来。因此本题答案选C。

11.We should prevent pollution ________ happily.（分数：1.00）

A.from living B.living

C.to living D.to live √ 解析：

句意：我们要防止污染，以生活得开心。to表示目的，为了生活得开心。故正确答案选D。

12.I am busy now, so I can't help ________ the machine.（分数：1.00）

A.repair √ B.to have repaired C.repairing D.fixing 解析：

句意：我现在很忙，所以不能帮忙修这台机器了。帮助做某事help(to) do sth.。不能选cannot help doing sth.情不自禁做某事，不符合句意。因此答案选A。

13.Jane came very close ________ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.（分数：1.00）

A.to win B.winning C.to winning √ D.to be won 解析：

句意：简差点就在奥运会上为英国获得奖牌。come close to doing接近于，靠近，属于固定搭配，to是介词，所以后面用v-ing形式，故答案选C。

14.The boy seated himself in the comer with his back ________ to his father.（分数：1.00）

A.turning B.to turn

C.to be turned D.turned √ 解析：

句意：男孩坐在角落里，背对着他父亲。with his back turned to his father在这里做伴随状语。his back与动词turn存在被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。因此正确答案选D。

15.—By the way, when did you get your bedroom ________? —Last week.（分数：1.00）

A.to paint B.painted √ C.painting D.to be painted 解析：

句意：——顺便问一下，你什么时候粉刷了你的房间。—— 上个星期。get sth. done“使某事被做”。bedroom与paint存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。因此本题答案选B。二、Fill in the blanks(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

What's more important to you, money, a comfortable life, or self-respect? Many people believe that we are living in an age where values are in decline. They say that a standard for morality has been (16)________ by selfinterest. Some people even (17)________the people of this earth will soon be punished and that disasters will destroy much of the civilization today. Most disagree with such (18)________, but they do think that it is time to stop our excessive ways.

A non-religious woman from California commented, “I do believe that a moral (19)________should guide our actions. We share this planet and we need to keep the values like (20)________and

treat each other with respect. There is a significant need for each inhabitant of this would to take a good look at how they are behaving.”

Another man from New York said, “It's not enough to be a good person in your heart. We have to (21)________our good intentions through our actions. There is plenty of

(22)________out there. It often causes people to give in to (23)________instead of doing what is right. I have faith that if people just start following their (24)________instead of what's easy, things will improve. We are all going to be faced with some (25)________decisions. I think we're ready for the challenge, though.”（分数：10） (1).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. F. G. √ H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. 解析：

根据句子结构分析可知，空格处应该填入一个过去分词构成被动语态。上文提到“很多人认为他们生活在一个道德水平逐渐下降的时代”。

空格所在处句子是具体说明，大意是“他们说道德标准已经被自我利益取代了。”所以应该填入replaced。 (2).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. √ M. N. O. 解析：

该句缺少一个动词。下文提到“地球上的人们很快就会受到惩罚而这些灾难将会摧毁当今的大部分文明”，这表示一种预测，因此可以填入predict。 (3).（分数：1） A. B. √ C. D. E. F. G. H. I.

J. K. L. M. N. O. 解析：

根据上下文可知空格处代表上文提到的观点和看法，因此可以填入conclusions。大致句意是：很多人不同意这样一些结论，但他们确实觉得是时候停止我们的过度行为了。 (4).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. √ 解析：

由guide(指引；引导)可以推测出空格处填compass (指南针)， moral compass道德指南。句子意思是：我的确认为应该要有一个道德指南来引导我们的行为。 (5).（分数：1） A.

B. C. D. √ E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. 解析：

根据value(道德；价值观)和like可知下文应该是列举具体的价值观，所以应该填入integrity(诚信)。 (6).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. √

O. 解析：

分析句子可知空格处应填入一个动词。上文意思是：在你的心里做一个好人是不够的。所以空格处可以填入动词demonstrate (展示；证明)。句意是：我们必须通过我们的行动来展现我们的良好意图。 (7).（分数：1） A. B. C. √ D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. 解析：

根据下文中“instead of doing what is right”可知空格处应该表示不好的东西，由plenty of可知空格处应填一个不可数名词，所以可以填 temptation (诱惑)。 (8).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. √ F.

G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. 解析：

give in to向……妥协。根据后文中“instead of what's easy”可以推测出句子大意为“生活中有太多的诱惑。它经常导致人们为了方便而屈服不去做正确的事”。因此空格处可以填入convenience，与what's easy相对应。 (9).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. √ J. K. L. M. N. O. 解析：

根据下文中things will improve可知上文应该表示一种正确的好的做法。follow one's conscience遵从自己的良心。句子意思是：我相信，如果人们开始遵从他们的良知而不是专做简单的事情，事情就会得到改善。所以应该填conscience。 (10).（分数：1） A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. √ L. M. N. O. 解析：

空格处应该填入一个可以修饰decision的形容词，因此可以填入 tough，表示“艰难的决定”。句意是：我们都将面临一些艰难的决定。

三、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)

When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could (26)________tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he (27)________in class.

When I took the first exam, I was (28)________to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, (29)________English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained (30)________.

I decided to try harder, although I didn't know what that (31)________because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I (32)________with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his (33)________.

One more test before the final exam. One more (34)________to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time, (35)________the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my (36)________did no good and everything (37)________ as before. The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what

(38)________I got, it wouldn't cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the (39)________goodbye.

I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even (40)________myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I'd have (41)________with a test.

A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He (42)________to be expecting me. “If I gave you the as you (43)________, you wouldn't continue to work as hard.”

I stared at him, (44)________that his analysis and strategy were correct. I had worked my head (45)________, as I had never done before.

I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only Aplus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I've always remembered Professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.（分数：20） (1).（分数：1）

A.take √ B.discuss C.cover D.get 解析：

take subjects意为“上某一学科的课”，固定搭配，因此答案选A。 (2).（分数：1） A.sought B.presented √ C.exchanged D.obtained 解析：

seek寻找。present提出；介绍；展现。exchange交换；交流。 obtain获得。空格所在句子是个定语从句，修饰先行词ideas，所以应该填present，意思是“他在课堂上所提出的观点”。故答案选B。 (3).（分数：1） A.shocked √ B.worried C.scared D.anxious 解析：

上文说他的学习成绩总是得A，然而这次考试，他得的是Cplus，所以他应该是感到很震惊，因此答案选A，shocked震惊的。 (4).（分数：1） A.but B.so C.for √ D.or 解析：

for表示原因。英语本来是他最好的科目，然而他的成绩是C-plus。故答案选C。 (5).（分数：1）

A.unchanged B.unpleasant C.unfriendly D.unmoved √ 解析：

unchanged未改变的；unpleasant使人不愉快的；unfriendly不友好的；unmoved无动于衷的；不动摇的。这里应该选择unmoved，句子大意是：他与教授辩论，但老师无动于衷。因此答案选D。 (6).（分数：1） A.reflected B.meant √ C.improved D.affected 解析：

根据上下文可知此处句意是：我不知道这是怎么一回事儿。 mean意思；意味着。因此答案选B。 (7).（分数：1） A.quarreled B.reasoned √ C.bargained D.chatted 解析：

空格处表达的意义应与上文arguments的意义一致，所以应该填 reason (理论)，句意是：我又去找教授理论。因此答案选B。 (8).（分数：1） A.attitude B.mind √ C.plan D.view 解析：

view指对事物的意见。mind主意；想法；思维方式。attitude指对事物的态度。plan意思是“计划”。这里应该选B，change one's mind 改变主意；改变想法。 (9).（分数：1） A.choice B.step C.chance √ D.measure 解析：

上文提到“在期末考试前还有一次测验”，所以他还有一次机会提高他的成绩。空格处应填chance (机会)，因此答案选C。 (10).（分数：1） A.memorized B.considered C.accepted D.learned √ 解析：

句意：他加倍努力学习，所以他第一次学习到了“thorough”这个词的意思。因此答案选D。 (11).（分数：1） A.ambition B.confidence C.effort √ D.method 解析：

ambition野心。confidence自信心。effort努力。method方法。这里表达的意思是：他努力也起到什么作用。故答案选C。 (12).（分数：1） A.stayed B.went √ C.worked D.changed

解析：

一切的进展和以前一样，go表示“进展”的意思。因此答案选 B。 (13).（分数：1） A.grade √ B.answer C.lesson D.comment 解析：

句意：到期末的时候，无论我获得什么高分数，都不能去掉三个C-plus的分数。这里应填grade(分数)，因此答案选A。 (14).（分数：1） A.scholarship √ B.course C.degree D.subject 解析：

本文第一句话就提到他希望得到奖学金，这里说的是他可能与奖学金擦肩而过。所以答案应该选A。 (15).（分数：1） A.helped B.favored C.treated √ D.relaxed 解析：

根据上下文可知句意是：他觉得此课程学得很好了，不用学了。在期末考试的前一天晚上，他看一部电影来款待自己。所以应该选动词treat (款待；犒劳)，答案选C。 (16).（分数：1） A.fun √ B.luck C.problems D.tricks

解析：

空格处应填fun，句意：他决定把第二天的考试当作一次娱乐活动。与上文意义逻辑一致。因此答案选A。 (17).（分数：1） A.happened B.proved C.pretended D.seemed √ 解析：

一星期后，他惊讶地发现他获得了优秀成绩，立刻跑到教授的办公室。教授好像正盼望着他的到来。所以应填动词seem，答案选 D。 (18).（分数：1） A.valued B.imagined C.expected √ D.welcomed 解析：

valued重要的；宝贵的。imagined想象的；构想的。expected预期的；预料的。welcomed受欢迎的。这里应该填expected。句意：教授说：“如果我以前给了你所期待的优秀成绩，你就不会像这样努力地学习了”。因此答案选C。 (19).（分数：1） A.remembering B.guessing C.supposing D.realizing √ 解析：

我盯着他，意识到他的分析和策略是正确的。这里填realize更加符合行文要求，因此答案选D。 (20).（分数：1） A.out B.over

C.on D.off √ 解析：

work my head off 指“全身心投入”。work out做出；制定出。 work over打击；伤害。work on继续工作。答案应选D，固定搭配，句意是“我以前从来没有这样全身心投入到学习中过”。四、Reading Comprehension(总题数：3，分数：30.00)

Passage 1

Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.

Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.

You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.

In one study researchers examined the brain of a

learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white. In the learning-disabled person, however, these cells were gray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.

The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities. Doctor Geschwind

proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. Probably, he said, nerve cells there did not connect as they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed. Other researches did not examine brain tissue. Instead, they measured the brain's electrical activity and made a man of the electrical signals.

Frank Duffy experimented with his techniques at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Doctor Duffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to wide area of the brain, not just the left side.（分数：10） (1).Scientists found that the brain cells of a

learning-disabled person differ from those of a normal person in ________.（分数：2） A.structure and function B.color and function C.size and arrangement D.color and arrangement √ 解析：

文章第四段提到“控制语言的细胞的一般是白色的，而这个无学习能力者的细胞却是灰色的。而且许多细胞并没有按照它们应有的方式排成一条线，而是交织在一起”。由此可知正常人与没有学习能力的人的细胞差别在它们的颜色和组成方式，所以正确答案选D。 (2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?（分数：2）

A.Learning disabilities may result from the unknown area of the brain. √

B.Learning disabilities may result from damage to a wide area of the brain.

C.Learning disabilities may result from abnormal organization of brain cells.

D.Learning disabilities may result from problems in the left side of the brain. 解析：

文章倒数第三段提到“Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain.”， Geschwind博士提出，学习障碍主要是由于大脑左侧的问题造成的。所以选项A表述不符合原文。B、C和D选项在下文都有提及，因此答案选A。

(3).All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that ________.（分数：2）

A.many factors account for learning disorder B.a learning-disabled person shows no outward signs C.reading disabilities are a common problem that affects 10 percent of the population √

D.the brain activity of learning-disabled children is different from that of normal children 解析：

文章第一段提到“They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children”，可知“学习障碍影响了大约10%的儿童”。而C选项说“学习障碍是一个常见的问题，影响了全部人口的10%”，与原文意思不符，故答案选 C。

(4).Doctor Duffy believed that ________.（分数：2） A.he found the exact cause of learning disabilities B.the problem of learning disabilities was not limited to the left side of the brain √

C.the problem of learning disabilities resulted from the left side of the brain

D.the problem of learning disabilities did not lie in the left side of the brain 解析：

文章最后一段提到：Doctor Duffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to wide area of the

brain, not just the left side。意思是：达菲博士说，他的研究表明，阅读障碍会对大脑的大面积区域造成损害，而不仅仅是左侧。B选项表述与原文相符，因此答案选B。

(5).According to the passage we can conclude that further researches should be made ________.（分数：2）

A.to investigate possible influences on brain development and organization √

B.to study how children learn to read and write, and use numbers

C.to help learning-disabled children to develop their intelligence

D.to explore how the left side of the brain functions in language learning 解析：

文章主要描述的是有学习障碍的人的大脑发展和组织结构，所以未来应该有更多关于这些方面的研究，故正确答案选A。

Passage 2

A study of older men in the Netherlands, known for its delicious chocolate, showed those who ate the same amount of one-third of a chocolate bar every day had lower blood pressure and a reduced risk of death.

The researchers say, however, it's too early to conclude that it was the chocolate that led to better health. The men who ate more cocoa products could have eaten other food that made them healthier. Experts also point out that eating too much chocolate can make you fat a risk for both heart disease and high blood pressure.

“It's too early to make recommendations about whether people should eat more cocoa or chocolate,” said Brian Buijsse, an expert for nutrition at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, who co-authored the study.

Still, the Dutch Study, supported by grants from the Netherlands Prevention Foundation, appears to be the largest so far to document a health effect for cocoa beans. And it confirms findings of smaller, shorter-term studies that also linked chocolate with lower blood pressure.

Researchers examined the eating habits of 470 healthy men who were not taking blood pressure medicine. The men who ate the most products made from cocoa beans—including cocoa drinks, chocolate bars and chocolate pudding—had lower blood pressure and a 50 percent lower risk of death.

“This is a very important article providing epidemiological support for what may researchers have been observing is experimental models,” said Cesar Fraga of the University of California Davis, who does similar research but was not involved in the new study.

Could the study results apply to women?

“Our study consisted of elderly men,” Buijsse said, “If you look at the other studies, you will see the same effects on men and women, younger people and older people. The findings may be generalizable to women, but you never know.”（分数：10） (1).We can learn from the text that ________.（分数：2） A.researchers have concluded that eating chocolate can lead to better health

B.it's too early to say eating too much chocolate makes you gain weight

C.people in the Netherlands are least likely to suffer from high blood pressure

D.there had been other similar studies before the Dutch study √ 解析：

文章第一段就提到了“a study of older men in the Netherlands”，由此可知在Dutch study之前还有其他类似的研究，因此本题答案选D。

(2).Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2）

A.The more chocolate bars we eat the healthier we are. B.We are not sure whether coffee drink is good for health yet. √

C.Brian Buijsse insisted on advising people to eat more Cocoa bean.

D.Experts all agreed that eating too much chocolate can have a good effect on our hearts. 解析：

文章第二段提到“The researchers say, however, it's too early to conclude that it was the chocolate that led to better health.”，可知：现在下结论说巧克力能带来更好的健康还为时过早。选项B说法符合原文表达，因此答案选B。

(3).We can infer from the paragraph that ________.（分数：2） A.it has been concluded that the findings are generalizable to women

B.it needs confirming whether women can share the same effects √

C.the study results cannot apply to women

D.the findings are applicable to both men and women 解析：

文章最后一段提到“The findings may be generalizable to women, but you never know”，这些发现可能也适用于女性，但你永远不知道。由此可知需要进一步确认巧克力对女性是否能有同样的效果。B选项推论正确，所以答案选B。

(4).Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined word “generalizable” in the last paragraph?（分数：2）

A.useful B.popular √ C.attractive D.important 解析：

由动词generalize (概括；归纳)可以推测出generalizable意思是“可归纳的；可概括的”。四个选项中只有popular (受欢迎的；大众的；普及的)与之意思相近，因此答案选B。

(5).What is the main purpose of the text?（分数：2） A.To encourage us to eat as much chocolate as possible. B.To prove to us that eating chocolate can reduce blood pressure.

C.To inform us of a study about the health benefits of chocolate. √

D.To warn us not to eat cocoa products because they can make you fat. 解析：

本文的主要目的是告诉读者关于巧克力是否对人身体有益的研究结果，因此答案选C。

Passage 3

Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive (认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age. People will be alert (警觉的) and receptive (接受能力强的) if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind. Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting, the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize

enormous amounts of information.” says James Fozard, associate director of the national Institute on Aging. “Most of us don’t need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skill, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.

Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. “The point is, you need to do both,” Cohen says.

“Intellectual activity influences brain-cell health and size.”（分数：10）

(1).People who are cognitively healthy are those ________.（分数：2）

A.who can remember large amounts of information B.who are highly intelligent

C.whose minds are alert and receptive √ D.who are good at recognizing different sounds 解析：

文章第二段提到“People will be alert (警觉的) and receptive (接受能力强的) if they are faced with…And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.”，可知那些思维警觉，接受能力强的人在认知思维上更加健康。因此本题答案选C。

(2).According to Fozard's argument people can make their brains work more efficiently by ________.（分数：2） A.constantly doing memory work

B.taking part in various mental activities √ C.going through specific training D.making frequent adjustments 解析：

文章第三段最后一句提到“they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.”，他们确信自己的活动领域有助于大脑工作的方式。他们认为参加各种脑力活动可以让大脑更有效地工作，选项B正确。

(3).The findings of James and other scientists in their work ________.（分数：2）

A.remain a theory to be further proved B.have been generally accepted

C.have been challenged by many other experts D.are practiced by the researchers themselves √ 解析：

文章第三段第一句提到“Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting, the theory to work in their own lives”，许多专家确信，向大脑提出挑战是极有好处的，因此他们将这一理论应于自己身上。选项D表述与原文意思相符，因此答案选D。

(4).Older people are generally advised to ________.（分数：2） A.keep fit by going in for physical activities √ B.keep mentally active by challenging their brains C.maintain mental alertness through specific training D.maintain a balance between individual and group activities 解析：

文章最后一段提到“Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well”，Cohen说我们通常得到的建议时在年

纪增长时要保持身体健康，但老人也需要保持精神上的活力。因此老年人通常是被建议要进行身体锻炼保证身体健康，本题答案选A。 (5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2） A.How biochemical changes occur in the human brain. B.Why people should keep active not only physically but also mentally. √

C.How intellectual activities influence brain-cell health. D.Why people should receive special mental training as they age. 解析：

文章主要探讨了为什么人要保持身体与思维两方面的活跃以及保持思维活跃的做法和好处，选项B的表述最能体现文章主旨，因此答案选B。

五、Translation(总题数：1，分数：10.00)

As behavioral sciences develop, researchers find that the importance of speech has been overestimated. (61) Although speech is the most obvious form of communication we do use other forms of which we may be only partially aware or, in some cases, completely unaware. It is possible we are unconsciously sending messages with every action, messages that are unconsciously picked up by others and used in forming opinions. (62) These unconscious actions and reactions to them may in part account for our “feelings” and “snap judgments”.

(63) We communicate a great deal researchers have found with our bodies — by the way we move, sit. stand and what we do with our hands and heads. Imagine a few- people sitting in a waiting room: One is tapping his fingers on his briefcase, another keeps rubbing his hands together, another is biting his fingernails, still another grabs the arms of his chair tightly and one keeps running his fingers through his hair. () These people aren't

talking but they're “saying” a lot if you know- the “body language” they're using.

Two of the most “telling” forms of behavior are driving a car and playing games. Notice a person's reaction to stress in these situations and to aggressive behavior in others.(65) Those who easily become angry, excited, passive or resentful when driving or playing may be giving insights into the inside self.（分数：10） (1).（分数：2）