2020届高考英语二轮专题复习 语法四、倒装句、强调句

调句

诊断与对策

Ⅰ.用括号内的词完成句子或选择括号内的词填空

1.But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong ____________ (we do allow) people to show the kindness that’s in them.

2.It’s not what we do once in a while_____________(which/that) shapes our lives，but what we do consistently.

3.The Jacobs family ________________ (did work/worked did) out a solution. 4.It was Tom that helped her finish the hard work，_________ (didn’t he/wasn’t it)?

5.It was midnight ______________ (that/when) he came back. Ⅱ.单项填空

1.Only when I left my parents for Italy ________ how much I loved them. A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize

2.The police were seeking more information to find out ________ the rich merchant.

A.who was it that killed B.who it was that killed C.it was who killed D.who was it killed

解析 句意为：警方在搜查更多线索，以便查清是谁杀了这位富商。本题考查特殊疑问句的强调句式。首先考虑Who killed the rich merchant？的强调句应为：Who was it that killed the rich merchant？然后考虑把“...find out who killed the rich merchant.”变为“...find out who it was that killed the rich merchant.”。故选B。

3.—How much do you know about the 3D film technology?

—A little.Not until ________ the hot movie Avatar ________ something about it.

A.did I see；did I began to learn B.I saw；I began to learn C.I saw；did I begin to learn D.did I see；I began to learn 解析 句意为：——你对3D电影科技了解多少？——一点儿。直到我看了热播电影《阿凡达》我才开始对它有了点了解。not until“直到……才……”，置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，从句不倒装。

4.It’s nothing unusual to experience failure，but ________ should you get any less confident.

A.in no time B.by all means C.in no way D.in any condition

解析 题干信息“should you get any less confident”是倒装，选否定词组A或C。in no time意为“立刻”，不合题意；in no way意为“决不”，符合题意。 5.Mr.Green didn’t understand ________ made his daughter so absent­minded this morning.

A.how that was B.what was it C.why it was that D.what it was that

解析 句意为：格林先生不明白是什么让他女儿今天上午如此心不在焉。本题考查特殊疑问句的强调句型。其结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分，而此句型如果作名词性从句使用时，应该是：特殊疑问词＋it＋is/was＋that＋其他成分。 备考策略

1.学习倒装时，着重掌握什么情况下用全部倒装，什么情况下用部分倒装，主句倒装还是从句倒装。

2.掌握强调句型的构成和强调谓语的方法，尤其不要被复杂的题干和变式所迷惑。 考点与考题

考点一 从句倒装的两种情形

英语中复合句的倒装主要倒装主句，将从句进行倒装只有两种情形：

1.在if引导的虚拟从句中，如果从句中含有were，had，should时，可将if省去，把were，had或should提到句首，构成从句倒装。

如果昨天晚上下雨的话，今天就会很冷了。(用倒装句翻译句子) Had it rained last night，it might be very cold today. 2.as和though (though从句可不倒装)引导让步状语从句 时，常把表语、状语、宾语或动词等提前，构成前置或倒装。 Try as he might，he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他很努力，但还是无法解决这个问题。 As he is a child，he knows a lot.(改错) Child as he is，he knows a lot. 考题印证

1.________ myself to my study，I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.

A.If I devoted B.Should I devote C.Would I devote D.Had I devoted

解析 句意为：如果我早用心学习，我现在就会坐在舒服的办公室里了。此处为错综时间条件句，从句与过去相反，主句与现在事实相反。if引导的虚拟条件句中，若含有were，had或should，则可省去if，用省略倒装形式。Had I devoted为If I had devoted的省略倒装形式。

2.________ it rain tomorrow，we would have to ________ the picnic. A.Would；put forward B.Should；call off C.Were；put off D.Should；put up

解析 句意为：万一明天下雨，我们将不得不取消野炊。本题考查了虚拟语气中对将来时态的虚拟，又省略了if，将should提前构成倒装，但D项中的put up意为“建造”，故选B。

3.Try________she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.

A.if B.when C.since D.as 解析 句意为：尽管苏尝试想打开门，但就是打不开。四个答案中只有as引导的让步状语从句必须采取倒装形式。 考点二 关于倒装应注意的几个问题

1.如果only修饰的不是状语时，句子不倒装。 只有他能回答这个问题。(翻译) Only can he answer the question.(×) Only he can answer the question.(√)

2.如果A句和B句的主语是同一个人或物，B句只是对A句的重复和强调，此时B句用“so＋主语＋动词”的形式。 —He studies hard.——他学习很努力。 —So he does.——确实如此。

3.表示方向或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首时，若主语是代词，则不用倒装。 他们走了。(翻译) Away went they.(×) Away they went.(√)

4.常见表示否定的介词短语和否定连词有：at no time，by no means，in no way，in no case，under no circumstances，on no condition，not only...but also，no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...，not until...等。 You can nowhere find the same two leaves.(将句子改为倒装语序) Nowhere can you find the same two leaves. 考题印证

1.At last they climbed up the mountain，on the top of which ________ an old temple dating back to 1500 BC.

A.is lying B.there lies C.does lie D.lies 解析 考查倒装及时态。 “on the top of which...”是定语从句，由于介词短语

on the top of置于句首，因此句子要倒装，且是全部倒装，又因为句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，即D项正确。

2.—It’s nice.Never before________such a special drink! —I’m glad you like it.

A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had I 解析 never为否定词，放在句首时，句子用倒装语序，且常用现在完成时，故答案为C。

3.—Did Linda see the traffic accident? —No，no sooner ________ than it happened.

A.had she gone B.she had gone C.has she gone D.she has gone

解析 句意为：——琳达看见那次交通事故了吗？——没有，她一走就发生了。no sooner...than...“一……就……”。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。no sooner位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。

4.—Tom has passed the entrance examinations. —________，and ________.

A.So he has；so I have B.So he has；so have I C.So has he；so have I D.So has he；so I have 解析 第一个空不用倒装是对前面情况的认可；第二个空用倒装是表示我(另一个)也如此。

考点三 关于强调句应注意的几个问题

1.强调句的一般疑问句的基本句型为：Be＋it＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分；特殊疑问句的基本句型为：特殊疑问词＋be＋it＋that＋句子其他成分。 Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out？第二次世界大战是在一九三九年爆发的吗？

你到底是什么时候、什么地方出生的？(翻译) When and where was it that you were born?

2.强调句型的反意疑问句，其问句部分用isn’t/wasn’t it。

It was yesterday that he met Li Ping，wasn’t it? 他是昨天遇见李平的，对吗？

3.对not...until...结构中由until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It be not until...that...这一固定句型。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.(改为倒装句)

Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.

4.在强调句中，如果强调的是句子的主语，其后谓语动词应和被强调部分的人称和数保持一致。

It is Mary and Tom who often do (do/does) good deeds. 玛丽和汤姆经常做好事。

It is I who am (is/am/are) going to Nanjing next week.是我下个月要去南京。 5.强调句型不能用于强调谓语动词，强调谓语动词时，可在动词前加do/does/did或改为What...do/does/did is (was)...句型。

What I want to do is to help you. 我想做的事是帮助你。 上周他确实给你写了信。(翻译) He did write to you last week. 6.注意以下句子和强调句的区别：

It was at 3 o’clock that I got home. 我是在三点回到家的。(强调句) It was 3 o’clock when I got home. 我回到家时是3点。(时间状语从句)

It is 3 years since I joined the army. 我参军三年了。(时间状语从句)

It will be 3 years before we meet again. 三年之后我们才能再次见面。(时间状语从句)

It is the first time that I have visited China. 这是我第一次访问中国。(定语从句)

It is time that we went to bed. 到了我们睡觉的时间了。(定语从句) 考题印证

1.Was it on a lonely island________he was saved one month after the boat went down？

A.where B.that C.which D.what 解析 强调句的一般疑问句形式：Be＋it＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分。 2.It was ________ he came back from Africa last year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry.

A.when；then B.not；until C.not until；that D.only；when 解析 强调句型。根据It is/was not until...that...结构可知。 3.—I just wonder ________ that made Mark Twain so famous a writer. —Of course his early experiences.

A.it was what B.what he did C.how he did D.what it was 解析 句意为：——我只想知道是什么使得马克·吐温成为一个如此出名的作家。——当然是他的早期经历了。从题干的含义看，本题涉及强调句的特殊疑问句和语序。被强调的成分在从句中作主语，用what，且wonder后作宾语的疑问句要用陈述句语序，故选D。

4.If you have a job，________yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed. A.do devote B.don’t devote C.devoting D.not devoting

解析 句意为：如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。if引导的是条件状语从句，空格处用动词原形构成祈使句，从而产生“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”的结构。do用来加强语气，强调动词。 5.—Where did you get to know her?

—It was on the farm ________we worked.

A.that B.there C.which D.where 解析 该题应选where引导定语从句，修饰the farm，where在从句中作地点状语。该句是强调句型“It was on the farm ________ we worked that I got to know her.”的省略。 题点与题组

命题点一 倒装句的运用

1.John opened the door.There________he had never seen before.

A.a girl did stand B.a girl stood C.did a girl stand D.stood a girl

解析 句意为：约翰敞开门，一个他以前从来没有见过的女孩站在那里。以here，there，up，down等副词开头且主语为名词的句子通常用全部倒装语序，即把谓语动词提到主语的前面。

2.The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only ________，but students became more interested in the lessons.

A.saved was teachers’ energy B.was teachers’ energy saved C.teachers’ energy was saved D.was saved teachers’ energy 解析 句意为：计算机应用于教学。结果，不仅教师节省能量，而且学生对课程更感兴趣。考查not only...but also...，放在句首作状语时，句子用部分倒装。前一部分倒装，后一部分不倒装。

3.Much ________ he has a good taste for China’s Football Matches，he can’t avoid being influenced by the side effects of the football gambling. A.that he claims B.does he claim C.is it that he claims D.as he claims

解析 句意为：虽然他声称很喜欢中国足球比赛，但他不能避免受赌球所带来的负面影响。as引导让步状语从句时，用倒装语序，即把作状语的副词、作表语的名词(形容词)或动词原形置于句首，但主谓不倒装。此处是把作状语的副词much置于句

首了。

4.A very beautiful scene spreads in front of the mountain，at the foot of which ________.

A.lies a small village B.does a small village lie C.a small village lie D.is lying a small village 解析 句意为：山前有一道非常漂亮的景色，在山脚下有一座小村庄。分析结构可知，at the foot of which...为定语从句；at the foot of置于句首，需要用完全倒装，故A项正确。

5.Only when he reached the tea­house ________it was the same place he’d been in last year.

A.he realized B.he did realize C.realized he D.did he realize

解析 “only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。 命题点二 强调句的运用

1.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ________ benefits our work most.

A.who B.which C.that D.what 解析 考查强调句型的结构。

2.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.

A.where B.that C.when D.which 解析 句意为：仅仅用她从村庄里买来的一些简单的东西，女主人就做了一顿丰盛的晚餐。从句式看此句是强调句，故选B项。 3.—I think we have met the word before.

—Yes.It was in the reading material ________ we ________ reading yesterday. A.that；did B.that；were C.when；were D.when；did 解析 句意为：——我想我们以前见过这个单词。——是的。是在我们昨天读的阅

读材料里(我们见过的)。本句为省略的强调句。补充完整为：It was in the reading material when we were reading yesterday that we met the word.其中when we were reading yesterday为时间状语从句。

4.It was not just the size of the party last night ________ made it unique，but ________ it meant to our company.

A.what；that B.that；what C.what；what D.that；that 解析 句意为：不仅仅是昨晚宴会的规模，还有它对我们公司的意义使得它独特。本题为强调句，正常的语序为：It was not just the size of the party last night but ________ it meant to our company ________ made it unique.第一空为强调句的引导词that；第二空为主语从句的引导词，作从句中mean的宾语，故应用what。 5.—________ that made Mrs.White so upset? —Her son’s making trouble in the school.

A.Where was it B.Why was it C.How was it D.What was it

解析 句意为：——是什么让怀特太太这么沮丧？——她儿子在学校里惹了麻烦。分析句子结构可知，此处强调的是句子的主语，故用what，D项正确。